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Optical signatures of the effective nonlinear couplings among electromagnetic fields in the quantum vacuum can be conveniently described in terms of stimulated photon emission processes induced by strong classical, space-time dependent…

The quantum vacuum shows an intensity-dependent nonlinear index of refraction. Consequently, we may consider vacuum as a non-linear medium enabling, at sufficiently high field strengths, a direct interaction of light with light. In this…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-08 Roland Sauerbrey , Christian Kohlfürst

Laser pulse collisions are a promising tool for the investigation of light-by-light scattering phenomena induced by quantum vacuum fluctuations. Using the numerical code based on the vacuum emission picture and put forward in Blinne et al.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-27 Holger Gies , Felix Karbstein , Lars Maiwald

Quantum vacuum experiments are becoming a flexible tool for investigating fundamental physics. They are particularly powerful for searching for new light but weakly interacting degrees of freedom and are thus complementary to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Holger Gies

The identification of prospective scenarios for observing quantum vacuum signals in high-intensity laser experiments requires both accurate theoretical predictions and the exploration of high-dimensional parameter spaces. Numerical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-14 Maksim Valialshchikov , Felix Karbstein , Daniel Seipt , Matt Zepf

Tightly-focused, ultrashort radially-polarized laser beams have a large longitudinal field, which provides a strong motivation for direct particle acceleration and manipulation in vacuum. The broadband nature of these beams means that…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-15 Spencer W. Jolly

Ninety years after their prediction, quantum vacuum nonlinearities in macroscopic electromagnetic fields still await a direct experimental verification in the laboratory. A particularly promising route towards their first measurement is the…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-20 Aimé Matheron , Michal Šmíd , Matt Zepf , Felix Karbstein

We examine the experimental requirements for realizing a high-gain Quantum free-electron laser (Quantum FEL). Beyond fundamental constraints on electron beam and undulator, we discuss optimized interaction geometries, include coherence…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Alexander Debus , Klaus Steiniger , Peter Kling , Moritz Carmesin , Roland Sauerbrey

This paper develops a comprehensive analytical framework for modeling and performance evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-to-ground quantum communication links, incorporating key physical impairments such as beam divergence,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Mohammad Taghi Dabiri , Mazen Hasna , Saif Al-Kuwari , Khalid Qaraqe

The quantum vacuum constitutes a fascinating medium of study, in particular since near-future laser facilities will be able to probe the nonlinear nature of this vacuum. There has been a large number of proposed tests of the low-energy,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-23 Mattias Marklund , Joakim Lundin

The invention of the laser immediately enabled the detection of nonlinear photon-matter interactions, as manifested for example by Franken et al.'s detection of second-harmonic generation. With the recent advancement in high-power,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-05-24 Kensuke Homma , Dieter Habs , Toshiki Tajima

We show that a laser beam can be diffracted by a more concentrated light pulse due to quantum vacuum effects. We compute analytically the intensity pattern in a realistic experimental configuration, and discuss how it can be used to measure…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-20 Daniele Tommasini , Humberto Michinel

Laser light with squeezed quantum uncertainty is a powerful tool for interferometric sensing. A routine application can be found in gravitational wave observatories. A significant quantum advantage is only achievable if a large fraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Pascal Gewecke , Jascha Zander , Roman Schnabel

Quasi-elastic scattering processes have long been thought of providing the most promising signal for a first experimental detection of quantum vacuum nonlinearity. A prominent example of such a process is vacuum birefringence. However,…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-09 Chantal Sundqvist , Felix Karbstein

Random lasers with low spatial coherence have important potential applications in high quality imaging and displaying. Here, a random laser with tunable angular spectra is proposed and fabricated through directly coupling an asymmetric…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-08 Huihui Shen , Yaoxing Bian , Junyan Li , Weinian Liu , Hanyi Xue , Zhaona Wang

Superradiant lasers, which consist of incoherently driven atoms coupled to a lossy cavity, are a promising source of coherent light due to their stable frequency and superior narrow linewidth. We show that when a fraction of the atoms is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-19 Tobias Nadolny , Matteo Brunelli , Christoph Bruder

Laser beam profilometry is an important scientific task with well-established solutions for beams propagating in air. It has, however, remained an open challenge to measure beam profiles of high-power lasers in ultra-high vacuum and in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-04-08 Christian Brand , Ksenija Simonović , Filip Kiałka , Stephan Troyer , Philipp Geyer , Markus Arndt

Quantum technologies hold great promise for revolutionizing photonic applications such as cryptography. Yet their implementation in real-world scenarios is held back, mostly due to sensitivity of quantum light to scattering. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-18 Ohad Lib , Giora Hasson , Yaron Bromberg

We put forward a concrete experimental setup allowing to measure light-by-light scattering in the collision of two optical high-intensity laser beams at state-of-the-art high-field facilities operating petawatt class laser systems. Our…