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Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is an estimation tool for large data employed in machine learning and statistics. Due to the Markovian nature of the SGD process, inference is a challenging problem. An underlying asymptotic normality of…

Computation · Statistics 2025-03-27 Rahul Singh , Abhinek Shukla , Dootika Vats

Nonsmooth sparsity constrained optimization encompasses a broad spectrum of applications in machine learning. This problem is generally non-convex and NP-hard. Existing solutions to this problem exhibit several notable limitations,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-18 Ganzhao Yuan

We study stochastic algorithms for solving nonconvex optimization problems with a convex yet possibly nonsmooth regularizer, which find wide applications in many practical machine learning applications. However, compared to asynchronous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Rui Zhu , Di Niu , Zongpeng Li

We propose new continuous-time formulations for first-order stochastic optimization algorithms such as mini-batch gradient descent and variance-reduced methods. We exploit these continuous-time models, together with simple Lyapunov analysis…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-12 Antonio Orvieto , Aurelien Lucchi

Continuous-time models provide important insights into the training dynamics of optimization algorithms in deep learning. In this work, we establish a non-asymptotic convergence analysis of stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Noah Oberweis , Semih Cayci

Uniform stability is a notion of algorithmic stability that bounds the worst case change in the model output by the algorithm when a single data point in the dataset is replaced. An influential work of Hardt et al. (2016) provides strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Raef Bassily , Vitaly Feldman , Cristóbal Guzmán , Kunal Talwar

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most widely used optimization methods for parallel and distributed processing of large datasets. One of the key limitations of distributed SGD is the need to regularly communicate the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-25 Xiaojian Xu , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

We provide tight finite-time convergence bounds for gradient descent and stochastic gradient descent on quadratic functions, when the gradients are delayed and reflect iterates from $\tau$ rounds ago. First, we show that without stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-06-28 Yossi Arjevani , Ohad Shamir , Nathan Srebro

We study nonconvex finite-sum problems and analyze stochastic variance reduced gradient (SVRG) methods for them. SVRG and related methods have recently surged into prominence for convex optimization given their edge over stochastic gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-06 Sashank J. Reddi , Ahmed Hefny , Suvrit Sra , Barnabas Poczos , Alex Smola

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants have established themselves as the go-to algorithms for large-scale machine learning problems with independent samples due to their generalization performance and intrinsic computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-25 Hao Chen , Lili Zheng , Raed Al Kontar , Garvesh Raskutti

Machine learning, especially deep neural networks, has been rapidly developed in fields including computer vision, speech recognition and reinforcement learning. Although Mini-batch SGD is one of the most popular stochastic optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Xinyu Peng , Li Li , Fei-Yue Wang

In this paper, we examine the long-run distribution of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in general, non-convex problems. Specifically, we seek to understand which regions of the problem's state space are more likely to be visited by SGD,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Waïss Azizian , Franck Iutzeler , Jérôme Malick , Panayotis Mertikopoulos

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a powerful optimization technique that is particularly useful in online learning scenarios. Its convergence analysis is relatively well understood under the assumption that the data samples are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Ethan Che , Jing Dong , Xin T. Tong

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

Is Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) substantially different from Metropolis Monte Carlo dynamics? This is a fundamental question at the time of understanding the most used training algorithm in the field of Machine Learning, but it…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-05-31 Maria Chiara Angelini , Angelo Giorgio Cavaliere , Raffaele Marino , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi

Approximating Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE) has allowed researchers to enjoy the benefits of studying a continuous optimization trajectory while carefully preserving the stochasticity of SGD.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Sadhika Malladi , Kaifeng Lyu , Abhishek Panigrahi , Sanjeev Arora

Gradient descent (GD) is a collection of continuous optimization methods that have achieved immeasurable success in practice. Owing to data science applications, GD with diminishing step sizes has become a prominent variant. While this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-27 Vivak Patel , Albert S. Berahas

Distributed training of massive machine learning models, in particular deep neural networks, via Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is becoming commonplace. Several families of communication-reduction methods, such as quantization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Dan Alistarh , Torsten Hoefler , Mikael Johansson , Sarit Khirirat , Nikola Konstantinov , Cédric Renggli

In view of a direct and simple improvement of vanilla SGD, this paper presents a fine-tuning of its step-sizes in the mini-batch case. For doing so, one estimates curvature, based on a local quadratic model and using only noisy gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Camille Castera , Jérôme Bolte , Cédric Févotte , Edouard Pauwels

We study optimization algorithms based on variance reduction for stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Remarkable recent progress has been made in this direction through development of algorithms like SAG, SVRG, SAGA. These algorithms have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-26 Sashank J. Reddi , Ahmed Hefny , Suvrit Sra , Barnabás Póczos , Alex Smola