Related papers: Quantum field theory for spin operator of the phot…
Inspired by the spin geometry theorem, two operators are defined which measure angles in the quantum theory of geometry. One operator assigns a discrete angle to every pair of surfaces passing through a single vertex of a spin network. This…
Quantum entanglement shared between more than two particles is essential to foundational questions in quantum mechanics, and upcoming quantum information technologies. So far, up to 14 two-dimensional qubits have been entangled, and an open…
We develop the general theory of spinning particles with electric and magnetic dipole moments moving in arbitrary electromagnetic, inertial and gravitational fields. Both the quantum-mechanical and classical dynamics is investigated. We…
Classical mechanical treatment of charged particle beam optics is so far very satisfactory from a practical point of view in applications ranging from electron microscopy to accelerator technology. However, it is desirable to understand the…
A simple probabilistic cellular automaton is shown to be equivalent to a relativistic fermionic quantum field theory with interactions. Occupation numbers for fermions are classical bits or Ising spins. The automaton acts deterministically…
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is a fundamental optical degree of freedom that has recently motivated much exciting research in diverse fields ranging from optical communication to quantum information. We show for the first time…
We investigate quantum kinetic theory for a massive fermion system under a rotational field. From the Dirac equation in curved space we derive the complete set of kinetic equations for the spin components of the covariant and equal-time…
In physical experiments, reference frames are standardly modelled through a specific choice of coordinates used to describe the physical systems, but they themselves are not considered as such. However, any reference frame is a physical…
As part of a probabilistic reconstruction of quantum theory (QT), we show that spin is not a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon, as has long been assumed. Rather, this phenomenon occurs before the transition to QT takes place, namely in…
The quantum mechanical operator for angular momentum is transformed from the real plane into the complex plane. In doing so, the Cauchy-Riemann (C-R) equations are interpreted as constraint conditions defining two distinct domains where…
Following the famous Dirac equation, in which space, time and matter are all connected with spinor, this paper uses the combination of these spinors to express the state of quantum field in a new style - the global state. Thus, the state,…
Any polarization vector of a plane wave can be decomposed into a pair of mutually orthogonal base vectors, known as a polarization basis. Regarding this decomposition as a quasi-unitary transformation from a three-component vector to a…
We find a quantum mechanical formulation of proper time for spin 1/2 particles within the framework of the Dirac theory. It is shown that an operator corresponds to the rate of the proper time and that the operator contains terms which…
We consider quantum transition amplitudes, partition functions and observables for 3D spin foam models within $SU(2)$ quantum group deformation symmetry, where the deformation parameter is a complex fifth root of unity. By considering…
We formulate a quantum phase space for rotational and nuclear-spin states of rigid molecules. For each nuclear spin isomer, we re-derive the isomer's admissible angular momentum states from molecular geometry and nuclear-spin data,…
In this paper, we have proposed the spinor wave equation of free and non-free photon. On this basis, we given the spin operators and spin wave functions of photon, and calculated the wave function of photon in vacuum and medium. In…
High-dimensional quantum systems offer many advantages over low-dimensional quantum systems. Meanwhile, unitary transformations on quantum states are important parts in various quantum information tasks, whereas they become technically…
A general procedure for construction of the formalism of quantum beam optics for any particle is reviewed. The quantum formalism of spin-1/2 particle beam optics is presented starting {\em ab initio} with the Dirac equation. As an example…
We revisit the quantum oscillator model of the electromagnetic field and conclude that, while the nonlocal positive and negative frequency ladder operators generate a photon Fock basis, the Hermitian field operators obtained by second…
The quark orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been recognized as an important piece of the proton spin puzzle. A lot of effort has been invested in trying to extract it quantitatively from the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and the…