Related papers: Gauge-invariance in cellular automata
Study of gauge symmetry is carried over the different interacting and noninteracting field theoretical models through a prescription based on lagrangian formulation. It is found that the prescription is capable of testing whether a given…
The standard procedure for making a global phase symmetry local involves the introduction of a rank 1, vector field in the definition of the covariant derivative. Here it is shown that it is possible to gauge a phase symmetry using fields…
We pick up a method originally developed by Cheng and Tsai for vacuum perturbation theory which allows to test the consistency of different sets of Feynman rules on a purely diagrammatic level, making explicit loop calculations superfluous.…
We derive a relation between four-fermion QED Green functions of different covariant gauges which defines the gauge dependence completely. We use the derived gauge dependence to check the gauge invariance of atom-like bound state…
Properties of pure gauge theories in thermal equilibrium as calculated via standard functional integral treatments are mathematically identical to ground state properties of a theory with spatially-periodic boundary conditions imposed on…
A simple mechanism for the emergence of complexity in cellular automata out of predictable dynamics is described. This leads to unfold the concept of conditional predictability for systems whose trajectory can only be piecewise known. The…
Differences between vector potentials in different gauges contain no dynamics in both classical and quantum electrodynamics and chromodynamics. Consequently, once gauge invariance is established, results calculated in non-covariant gauges…
There are different operators of quark and gluon momenta, orbital angular momenta, and gluon spin in the nucleon structure study. The precise meaning of these operators are studied based on gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical…
The use of gyrokinetics, wherein phase-space coordinate transformations result in a phase-space dimensionality reduction as well as the removal of fast time scales, has enabled the simulation of microturbulence in fusion devices. The…
Gauge theories with finite gauge groups have applications to quantum simulation and quantum gravity. Recently, the exact number of gauge-invariant states was computed for pure gauge theories on arbitrary lattices. In this work, we…
The reparametrization transformation between ultrametrically organised states of replicated disordered systems is explicitly defined. The invariance of the longitudinal free energy under this transformation, i.e. reparametrization…
In gauge theories, the mass of a field has been regarded as a purely on-shell concept: the pole mass is gauge-invariant, but the off-shell propagator has had no gauge-invariant definition of mass. We show that renormalization defines a…
Employing an arbitrary velocity gauge transformation this contribution argues that the breaking of time symmetry is a natural consequence of irreversibility.
We show that it is possible to formulate a gauge theory starting from a local action at the ultraviolet (UV) momentum cutoff which is BRS invariant. One has to require that fields in the UV action and the fields in the effective action are…
Cellular automata with memory (CAM) are widely used in fields such as image processing, pattern recognition, simulation, and cryptography. The invertibility of CAM is generally considered to be chaotic. Paper [Invertible behavior in…
Cellular automata, CA for short are continuous maps defined on the set of configurations over a finite alphabet A that commutes with the shift. They are characterized by the existence of local function which determine by local behavior the…
Soon after the Yang-Mills work, the gauge invariance became one of the basic principles in the elementary particles theory. The gauge invariance idea is that Lagrangian has to be invariant not only with respect to the coordinates…
The quantum metric tensor was introduced for defining the distance in the parameter space of a system. However, it is also useful for other purposes, like predicting quantum phase transitions. Due to the physical information this tensor…
A universal map is derived for all deterministic 1D cellular automata (CA) containing no freely adjustable parameters. The map can be extended to an arbitrary number of dimensions and topologies and its invariances allow to classify all CA…
In mathematics and engineering, control theory is concerned with the analysis of dynamical systems through the application of suitable control inputs. One of the prominent problems in control theory is controllability which concerns the…