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Anomaly detection or more generally outliers detection is one of the most popular and challenging subject in theoretical and applied machine learning. The main challenge is that in general we have access to very few labeled data or no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Mansour Zoubeirou A Mayaki , Michel Riveill

In this paper, we introduce a novel task termed unified anomaly detection and classification, which aims to simultaneously detect anomalous regions in images and identify their specific categories. Existing methods typically treat anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ximiao Zhang , Min Xu , Zheng Zhang , Junlin Hu , Xiuzhuang Zhou

Local discriminative representation is needed in many medical image analysis tasks such as identifying sub-types of lesion or segmenting detailed components of anatomical structures. However, the commonly applied supervised representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Huai Chen , Jieyu Li , Renzhen Wang , Yijie Huang , Fanrui Meng , Deyu Meng , Qing Peng , Lisheng Wang

Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a challenging problem, and is based purely on behavioral descriptions of symptomology (DSM-5/ICD-10), and requires informants to observe children with disorder across different settings (e.g.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-04 Taban Eslami , Joseph S. Raiker , Fahad Saeed

Unsupervised learning can leverage large-scale data sources without the need for annotations. In this context, deep learning-based autoencoders have shown great potential in detecting anomalies in medical images. However, especially…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-03 David Zimmerer , Simon Kohl , Jens Petersen , Fabian Isensee , Klaus Maier-Hein

Self-supervised learning methods based on image patch reconstruction have witnessed great success in training auto-encoders, whose pre-trained weights can be transferred to fine-tune other downstream tasks of image understanding. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Junjia Huang , Haofeng Li , Guanbin Li , Xiang Wan

Deep learning techniques have led to state-of-the-art image super resolution with natural images. Normally, pairs of high-resolution and low-resolution images are used to train the deep learning models. These techniques have also been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Yutaro Iwamoto , Kyohei Takeda , Yinhao Li , Akihiko Shiino , Yen-Wei Chen

Deep learning has become the method of choice to tackle real-world problems in different domains, partly because of its ability to learn from data and achieve impressive performance on a wide range of applications. However, its success…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Xiaofeng Liu , Chaehwa Yoo , Fangxu Xing , Hyejin Oh , Georges El Fakhri , Je-Won Kang , Jonghye Woo

In the recent times, autoencoders, besides being used for compression, have been proven quite useful even for regenerating similar images or help in image denoising. They have also been explored for anomaly detection in a few cases.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Shruti Mittal , Dattaraj Rao

To develop a domain-agnostic, semi-supervised anomaly detection framework that integrates deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to address challenges such as large-scale data, overfitting, and class imbalance, focusing on brain MRI volumes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zeduo Zhang , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

Deep learning based medical image diagnosis has shown great potential in clinical medicine. However, it often suffers two major difficulties in real-world applications: 1) only limited labels are available for model training, due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Yifan Zhang , Ying Wei , Qingyao Wu , Peilin Zhao , Shuaicheng Niu , Junzhou Huang , Mingkui Tan

Detecting novel anomalies in medical imaging is challenging due to the limited availability of labeled data for rare abnormalities, which often display high variability and subtlety. This challenge is further compounded when small abnormal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Jingkun Chen , Guang Yang , Xiao Zhang , Jingchao Peng , Tianlu Zhang , Jianguo Zhang , Jungong Han , Vicente Grau

An assumption-free automatic check of medical images for potentially overseen anomalies would be a valuable assistance for a radiologist. Deep learning and especially Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) have shown great potential in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-12 David Zimmerer , Fabian Isensee , Jens Petersen , Simon Kohl , Klaus Maier-Hein

In the recent years, convolutional neural networks have transformed the field of medical image analysis due to their capacity to learn discriminative image features for a variety of classification and regression tasks. However, successfully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Wenjia Bai , Chen Chen , Giacomo Tarroni , Jinming Duan , Florian Guitton , Steffen E. Petersen , Yike Guo , Paul M. Matthews , Daniel Rueckert

Anomaly detection for Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) can be solved with unsupervised methods by learning the distribution of healthy images and identifying anomalies as outliers. In presence of an additional dataset of unlabelled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Alexandra-Ioana Albu , Alina Enescu , Luigi Malagò

Currently, deep learning-based visual inspection has been highly successful with the help of supervised learning methods. However, in real industrial scenarios, the scarcity of defect samples, the cost of annotation, and the lack of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Xian Tao , Xinyi Gong , Xin Zhang , Shaohua Yan , Chandranath Adak

Unsupervised anomaly detection is a popular approach for the analysis of neuroimaging data as it allows to identify a wide variety of anomalies from unlabelled data. It relies on building a subject-specific model of healthy appearance to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-22 Maëlys Solal , Ravi Hassanaly , Ninon Burgos

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental conditions that affect patients' social abilities. In recent years, many studies have employed deep learning to diagnose this brain dysfunction through functional MRI (fMRI).…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-26 Li Pan , Jundong Liu , Mingqin Shi , Chi Wah Wong , Kei Hang Katie Chan

In CT angiography, the accurate segmentation of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is difficult due to large anatomical variability, low-contrast vessel boundaries, and the close proximity of organs whose intensities resemble vascular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Osamah Sufyan , Martin Brückmann , Ralph Wickenhöfer , Babette Dellen , Uwe Jaekel

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) aims to identify abnormal regions by establishing correspondences between test images and normal templates. Existing methods primarily rely on image reconstruction or template retrieval but face a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mingxiu Cai , Zhe Zhang , Gaochang Wu , Tianyou Chai , Xiatian Zhu