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In this paper, we introduce convolutional proximal neural networks (cPNNs), which are by construction averaged operators. For filters of full length, we propose a stochastic gradient descent algorithm on a submanifold of the Stiefel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Johannes Hertrich , Sebastian Neumayer , Gabriele Steidl

Blur and noise corrupting Computed Tomography (CT) images can hide or distort small but important details, negatively affecting the diagnosis. In this paper, we present a novel gradient-based Plug-and-Play algorithm, constructed on the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Pasquale Cascarano , Elena Loli Piccolomini , Elena Morotti , Andrea Sebastiani

Selecting an appropriate prior to compensate for information loss due to the measurement operator is a fundamental challenge in imaging inverse problems. Implicit priors based on denoising neural networks have become central to widely-used…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Matthieu Terris , Ulugbek S. Kamilov , Thomas Moreau

Image restoration refers to the process of reconstructing noisy, destroyed, or missing parts of an image, which is an ill-posed inverse problem. A specific regularization term and image degradation are typically assumed to achieve…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Jianwei Ke

Plug-and-play Image Restoration (IR) has been widely recognized as a flexible and interpretable method for solving various inverse problems by utilizing any off-the-shelf denoiser as the implicit image prior. However, most existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Yuanzhi Zhu , Kai Zhang , Jingyun Liang , Jiezhang Cao , Bihan Wen , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool

Uncertainty quantification is crucial to inverse problems, as it could provide decision-makers with valuable information about the inversion results. For example, seismic inversion is a notoriously ill-posed inverse problem due to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-02 Muhammad Izzatullah , Tariq Alkhalifah , Juan Romero , Miguel Corrales , Nick Luiken , Matteo Ravasi

Ptychography is a coherent diffraction imaging method that uses phase retrieval techniques to reconstruct complex-valued images. It achieves this by sequentially illuminating overlapping regions of a sample with a coherent beam and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Alexander Denker , Johannes Hertrich , Zeljko Kereta , Silvia Cipiccia , Ecem Erin , Simon Arridge

The spatial resolution of images of living samples obtained by fluorescence microscopes is physically limited due to the diffraction of visible light, which makes the study of entities of size less than the diffraction barrier (around 200…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Vasiliki Stergiopoulou , Subhadip Mukherjee , Luca Calatroni , Laure Blanc-Féraud

This paper investigates the convergence properties and applications of the three-operator splitting method, also known as Davis-Yin splitting (DYS) method, integrated with extrapolation and Plug-and-Play (PnP) denoiser within a nonconvex…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-05 Zhongming Wu , Chaoyan Huang , Tieyong Zeng

Image restoration, the recovery of clean images from degraded measurements, has applications in various domains like surveillance, defense, and medical imaging. Despite achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) restoration performance, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shubhi Shukla , Pravin Nair

We propose a new approach for large-scale high-dynamic range computational imaging. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) trained end-to-end can solve linear inverse imaging problems almost instantaneously. While unfolded architectures provide…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-28 Amir Aghabiglou , Matthieu Terris , Adrian Jackson , Yves Wiaux

The past few years have seen a surge of activity around integration of deep learning networks and optimization algorithms for solving inverse problems. Recent work on plug-and-play priors (PnP), regularization by denoising (RED), and deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Abdullah H. Al-Shabili , Xiaojian Xu , Ivan Selesnick , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Diffusion models have found extensive use in solving inverse problems, by sampling from an approximate posterior distribution of data given the measurements. Recently, consistency models (CMs) have been proposed to directly predict the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Merve Gülle , Junno Yun , Yaşar Utku Alçalar , Mehmet Akçakaya

Poisson-Gaussian noise describes the noise of various imaging systems thus the need of efficient algorithms for Poisson-Gaussian image restoration. Deep learning methods offer state-of-the-art performance but often require sensor-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Maud Biquard , Marie Chabert , Florence Genin , Christophe Latry , Thomas Oberlin

Solving inverse problems \(Ax = y\) is central to a variety of practically important fields such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and non-destructive testing. The most successful and theoretically best-understood method is convex…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Daniel Obmann , Gyeongha Hwang , Markus Haltmeier

Plug-and-Play Priors (PnP) is a well-known class of methods for solving inverse problems in computational imaging. PnP methods combine physical forward models with learned prior models specified as image denoisers. A common issue with the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-18 Edward P. Chandler , Shirin Shoushtari , Jiaming Liu , M. Salman Asif , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Plug-and-Play (PnP) priors is a widely-used family of methods for solving imaging inverse problems by integrating physical measurement models with image priors specified using image denoisers. PnP methods have been shown to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Shirin Shoushtari , Jiaming Liu , Edward P. Chandler , M. Salman Asif , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Multi-head self-attention (MHSA) is a key building block in modern vision Transformers, yet its quadratic complexity in the number of tokens remains a major bottleneck for real-time and resource-constrained deployment. We present…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Srinivasan Kidambi , Karthik Palaniappan , Pravin Nair

Recently, the degenerate preconditioned proximal point (PPP) method provides a unified and flexible framework for designing and analyzing operator-splitting algorithms such as Douglas-Rachford (DR). However, the degenerate PPP method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Shuchang Zhang , Hui Zhang , Hongxia Wang

The next-generation radio-interferometric (RI) telescopes require imaging algorithms capable of forming high-resolution high-dynamic-range images from large data volumes spanning wide frequency bands. Recently, AIRI, a plug-and-play (PnP)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-12 Chao Tang , Arwa Dabbech , Adrian Jackson , Yves Wiaux