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Residual neural networks are widely used in computer vision tasks. They enable the construction of deeper and more accurate models by mitigating the vanishing gradient problem. Their main innovation is the residual block which allows the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Filippo Minnella , Teodoro Urso , Mihai T. Lazarescu , Luciano Lavagno

The rapid growth of the size and complexity in deep neural networks has sharply increased computational demands, challenging their efficient deployment in real-world scenarios. Boolean networks, constructed with logic gates, offer a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Youngsung Kim

In-network computation represents a transformative approach to addressing the escalating demands of Artificial Intelligence (AI) workloads on network infrastructure. By leveraging the processing capabilities of network devices such as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Aleksandr Algazinov , Joydeep Chandra , Matt Laing

The rapid progress of Artificial Intelligence research came with the development of increasingly complex deep learning models, leading to growing challenges in terms of computational complexity, energy efficiency and interpretability. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Yuanrong Wang , Antonio Briola , Tomaso Aste

Standard deep neural network inference involves the computation of interleaved linear maps and nonlinear activation functions. Prior work for ultra-low latency implementations has hardcoded these operations inside FPGA lookup tables (LUTs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Marta Andronic , Jiawen Li , George A. Constantinides

Recent technological advances have proliferated the available computing power, memory, and speed of modern Central Processing Units (CPUs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Consequently, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Corey Lammie , Wei Xiang , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Lookup-table (LUT) based neural networks can deliver ultra-low latency and excellent hardware efficiency on FPGAs by mapping arithmetic operations directly onto the logic primitives. However, state-of-the-art LUT-aware training (LAT)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Chang Sun , Zhiqiang Que , Bakhtiar Zadeh , Qibin Liu , Kevin H. Alvarez , Wayne Luk , Maria Spiropulu

Deep learning as a means to inferencing has proliferated thanks to its versatility and ability to approach or exceed human-level accuracy. These computational models have seemingly insatiable appetites for computational resources not only…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) play an increasingly important role in various computer systems. In order to create these networks, engineers typically specify a desired topology, and then use an automated training algorithm to select the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Ori Lahav , Guy Katz

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely employed in many applications such as image classification, video analysis and speech recognition. Being compute-intensive, CNN computations are mainly accelerated by GPUs with high…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Dong Wang , Jianjing An , Ke Xu

Nowadays, shallow and deep Neural Networks (NNs) have vast applications including biomedical engineering, image processing, computer vision, and speech recognition. Many researchers have developed hardware accelerators including…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Amir-Hossein Kiamarzi , Pezhman Torabi , Reza Sameni

Although the quest for more accurate solutions is pushing deep learning research towards larger and more complex algorithms, edge devices demand efficient inference and therefore reduction in model size, latency and energy consumption. One…

Real-time Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference with low-latency requirement has become increasingly important for numerous applications in both cloud computing (e.g., Apple's Siri) and edge computing (e.g., Google/Waymo's driverless car).…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Weiwen Jiang , Edwin H. -M. Sha , Xinyi Zhang , Lei Yang , Qingfeng Zhuge , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

Binarized neural networks (BNNs) are gaining interest in the deep learning community due to their significantly lower computational and memory cost. They are particularly well suited to reconfigurable logic devices, which contain an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Nicholas J. Fraser , Yaman Umuroglu , Giulio Gambardella , Michaela Blott , Philip Leong , Magnus Jahre , Kees Vissers

The challenges involved in executing neural networks (NNs) at the edge include providing diversity, flexibility, and sustainability. That implies, for instance, supporting evolving applications and algorithms energy-efficiently. Using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Federico Manca , Francesco Ratto , Francesca Palumbo

Neural networks achieve state-of-the-art performance in image classification, speech recognition, scientific analysis and many more application areas. Due to the high computational complexity and memory footprint of neural networks, various…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Benjamin Ramhorst , Vladimir Loncar , George A. Constantinides

Neural networks have demonstrated their outstanding performance in a wide range of tasks. Specifically recurrent architectures based on long-short term memory (LSTM) cells have manifested excellent capability to model time dependencies in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Martin Ferianc , Zhiqiang Que , Hongxiang Fan , Wayne Luk , Miguel Rodrigues

With the surging popularity of edge computing, the need to efficiently perform neural network inference on battery-constrained IoT devices has greatly increased. While algorithmic developments enable neural networks to solve increasingly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Maarten Molendijk , Floran de Putter , Henk Corporaal

Deep neural networks (DNNs) can be made hardware-efficient by reducing the numerical precision of the weights and activations of the network and by improving the network's resilience to noise. However, this gain in efficiency often comes at…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are capable of solving complex problems in domains related to embedded systems, such as image and natural language processing. To efficiently implement DNNs on a specific FPGA platform for a given cost criterion,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jonas Ney , Dominik Loroch , Vladimir Rybalkin , Nico Weber , Jens Krüger , Norbert Wehn