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Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has emerged as a promising alternative optimizer to stochastic gradient descent (SGD). The originally-proposed motivation behind SAM was to bias neural networks towards flatter minima that are believed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Jacob Mitchell Springer , Vaishnavh Nagarajan , Aditi Raghunathan

Alignment of large language models remains a central challenge in natural language processing. Preference optimization has emerged as a popular and effective method for improving alignment, typically through training-time or prompt-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Frédéric Berdoz , Luca A. Lanzendörfer , René Caky , Roger Wattenhofer

Positional encodings are a common component of neural scene reconstruction methods, and provide a way to bias the learning of neural fields towards coarser or finer representations. Current neural surface reconstruction methods use a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Thomas Walker , Octave Mariotti , Amir Vaxman , Hakan Bilen

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in text-to-image synthesis but remain computationally expensive due to the iterative nature of denoising and the quadratic cost of global attention. In this work, we observe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Bowen Lin , Fanjiang Ye , Yihua Liu , Zhenghui Guo , Boyuan Zhang , Weijian Zheng , Yufan Xu , Tiancheng Xing , Yuke Wang , Chengming Zhang

The ability to decompose complex multi-object scenes into meaningful abstractions like objects is fundamental to achieve higher-level cognition. Previous approaches for unsupervised object-oriented scene representation learning are either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Zhixuan Lin , Yi-Fu Wu , Skand Vishwanath Peri , Weihao Sun , Gautam Singh , Fei Deng , Jindong Jiang , Sungjin Ahn

Stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAs) have been successfully used to learn new representations for domain adaptation. Recently, they have attained record accuracy on standard benchmark tasks of sentiment analysis across different text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Minmin Chen , Zhixiang Xu , Kilian Weinberger , Fei Sha

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) is sample-efficient but struggles in sparse reward settings. A critical bottleneck arises from the lack of informative gradients in sparse settings, where standard reward models often yield flat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yao-Hui Li , Zeyu Wang , Xin Li , Wei Pang , Yingfang Yuan , Zhengkun Chen , Boya Zhang , Riashat Islam , Alex Lamb , Yonggang Zhang

When scaling distributed training, the communication overhead is often the bottleneck. In this paper, we propose a novel SGD variant with reduced communication and adaptive learning rates. We prove the convergence of the proposed algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Cong Xie , Oluwasanmi Koyejo , Indranil Gupta , Haibin Lin

Recently, neural network (NN)-based image compression studies have actively been made and has shown impressive performance in comparison to traditional methods. However, most of the works have focused on non-scalable image compression…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Jongmin Park , Jooyoung Lee , Munchurl Kim

LiDAR point cloud compression is vital for autonomous systems to handle massive data from high-resolution sensors. While learned entropy modeling built upon octree structures yields high compression gains, it faces two critical bottlenecks:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jiahao Zhu , Kang You , Dandan Ding , Zhan Ma

We introduce PACE, a backpropagation-free continual test-time adaptation system that directly optimizes the affine parameters of normalization layers. Existing derivative-free approaches struggle to balance runtime efficiency with learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Damian Sójka , Sebastian Cygert , Marc Masana

Autonomous vehicles and Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) have the potential to radically change the way we travel. Many such vehicles currently rely on segmentation and object detection algorithms to detect and track objects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Ravi Kakaiya , Rakshith Sathish , Ramanathan Sethuraman , Debdoot Sheet

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a central paradigm for training foundation models by leveraging large-scale unlabeled datasets, often producing representations with strong generalization capabilities. These models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Brown Ebouky , Ajad Chhatkuli , Cristiano Malossi , Christoph Studer , Roy Assaf , Andrea Bartezzaghi

Backpropagation is the default learning rule for artificial neural networks and is often treated as the settled approach whenever differentiability is available. In this work, we revisit this convention through a theoretical lens of sample…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Yibo Jacky Zhang , Zeyu Tang , Sanmi Koyejo

We investigate neural ordinary and stochastic differential equations (neural ODEs and SDEs) to model stochastic dynamics in fully and partially observed environments within a model-based reinforcement learning (RL) framework. Through a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chao Han , Stefanos Ioannou , Luca Manneschi , T. J. Hayward , Michael Mangan , Aditya Gilra , Eleni Vasilaki

Soft augmentation regularizes the supervised learning process of image classifiers by reducing label confidence of a training sample based on the magnitude of random-crop augmentation applied to it. This paper extends this adaptive label…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Georg Siedel , Ekagra Gupta , Weijia Shao , Silvia Vock , Andrey Morozov

Training a deep network to perform semantic segmentation requires large amounts of labeled data. To alleviate the manual effort of annotating real images, researchers have investigated the use of synthetic data, which can be labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Fatemeh Sadat Saleh , Mohammad Sadegh Aliakbarian , Mathieu Salzmann , Lars Petersson , Jose M. Alvarez

The place recognition problem comprises two distinct subproblems; recognizing a specific location in the world ("specific" or "ordinary" place recognition) and recognizing the type of place (place categorization). Both are important…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Sourav Garg , Adam Jacobson , Swagat Kumar , Michael Milford

In this work, we observe a counterintuitive phenomenon in self-supervised learning (SSL): longer training may impair the performance of dense prediction tasks (e.g., semantic segmentation). We refer to this phenomenon as Self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Siran Dai , Qianqian Xu , Peisong Wen , Yang Liu , Qingming Huang

LiDAR semantic segmentation provides 3D semantic information about the environment, an essential cue for intelligent systems during their decision making processes. Deep neural networks are achieving state-of-the-art results on large public…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Inigo Alonso , Luis Riazuelo , Luis Montesano , Ana C. Murillo