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Continuous time-translation symmetry is often spontaneously broken in open quantum systems, and the condition for their emergence has been actively investigated. However, there are only a few cases in which its condition for appearance has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Yuma Nakanishi , Ryo Hanai , Tomohiro Sasamoto

We show that interacting bosons on a ring which are driven periodically by a rotating potential can support discrete time crystals whose absolute stability can be proven. The absolute stability is demonstrated by an exact mapping of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2023-11-29 Krzysztof Giergiel , Jia Wang , Bryan J. Dalton , Peter Hannaford , Krzysztof Sacha

We discuss the emergence of non-stationarity in open quantum many-body systems. This leads us to the definition of dissipative time crystals which display experimentally observable, persistent, time-periodic oscillations induced by noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-28 Cameron Booker , Berislav Buča , Dieter Jaksch

Time crystals spontaneously break the time translation symmetry, as recently has been frequently reported in quantum systems. Here we describe the observation of classical analogues of both 1+1-dimensional and 2+1-dimensional discrete…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-24 Hanqing Zhao , Rui Zhang , Ivan I. Smalyukh

The spontaneous breaking of symmetries is a widespread phenomenon in physics. When time translational symmetry is spontaneously broken, an exotic nonequilibrium state of matter in which the same structures repeat themselves in time can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-12-10 Marina Evers , Raphael Wittkowski

Between space crystals and amorphous materials there exists a third class of aperiodic structures which lack translational symmetry but reveal long-range order. They are dubbed quasi-crystals and their formation, similarly as the formation…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-06-19 Krzysztof Giergiel , Arkadiusz Kuroś , Krzysztof Sacha

Time crystals correspond to a phase of matter where time-translational symmetry (TTS) is broken. Up to date, they are well studied in open quantum systems, where external drive allows to break discrete TTS, ultimately leading to Floquet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Valerii K. Kozin , Oleksandr Kyriienko

The spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry in periodically driven Floquet systems can lead to a discrete time crystal. Here we study the occurrence of such dynamical phase in a driven-dissipative optomechanical system with two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Dongni Chen , Zhengyang Peng , Jiahui Li , Stefano Chesi , Yingdan Wang

Understanding how temporal order degrades in quantum systems remains a central issue in nonequilibrium physics. Here we study the melting of discrete time crystals in a periodically driven holographic system, where a distinct (discrete)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-16 Yu-Qi Lei , Xian-Hui Ge , Yu Tian , Shao-Feng Wu

In this work, we explore the dynamics of time varying photonic media with an optical Kerr nonlinearity and an associated phase transition. The interplay between a periodically modulated permittivity and the nonlinearity induces a continuous…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-23 Egor I. Kiselev , Yiming Pan

The spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry has led to the discovery of a new phase of matter - the discrete time crystal. Discrete time crystals exhibit rigid subharmonic oscillations, which result from a combination of many-body…

Periodically driven quantum systems host a range of non-equilibrium phenomena which are unrealizable at equilibrium. Discrete time-translational symmetry in a periodically driven many-body system can be spontaneously broken to form a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-11 James O'Sullivan , Oliver Lunt , Christoph W. Zollitsch , M. L. W. Thewalt , John J. L. Morton , Arijeet Pal

We demonstrate the emergence of a time crystal of atoms in a high-finesse optical cavity driven by a phase-modulated transverse pump field, resulting in a shaken lattice. This shaken system exhibits macroscopic oscillations in the number of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-11-27 Jayson G. Cosme , Jim Skulte , Ludwig Mathey

The relation between the notion of crystalline symmetry and characteristic time intervals when this symmetry could be observed is analyzed. Several time scales are shown to exist for a system of interacting particles. It is only when the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-08-23 V. I. Yukalov , E. P. Yukalova

Time crystals are physical systems whose time translation symmetry is spontaneously broken. Although the spontaneous breaking of continuous time-translation symmetry in static systems is proved impossible for the equilibrium state, the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-08-19 Lingzhen Guo , Pengfei Liang

Many-body quantum systems, under suitable conditions, exhibit time-translation symmetry breaking and settle in a discrete time crystalline (DTC) phase -- an out-of-equilibrium quantum phase of matter. The defining feature of DTC is a robust…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Gourab Das , Saptarshi Saha , Rangeet Bhattacharyya

Time crystals, a phase showing spontaneous breaking of time-translation symmetry, has been an intriguing subject for systems far away from equilibrium. Recent experiments found such a phase both in the presence and absence of localization,…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-03-21 Biao Huang , Ying-Hai Wu , W. Vincent Liu

We propose an experimental realization of a time crystal using an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a high finesse optical cavity pumped with laser light detuned to the blue side of the relevant atomic resonance. By mapping out the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-10 Hans Keßler , Jayson G. Cosme , Michal Hemmerling , Ludwig Mathey , Andreas Hemmerich

Classical Hamiltonian systems with conserved charges and those with constraints often describe dynamics on a pre-symplectic manifold. Here we show that a pre-symplectic manifold is also the proper stage to describe autonomous energy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Anton Alekseev , Dai Jin , Antti J. Niemi

Time crystals appear when systems display a commensurate spontaneous breaking of the discrete time translational invariance imposed by an external periodic drive. No consensus on the definition has been reached as yet, but important aspects…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-18 Robin Schäfer , Götz S. Uhrig , Joachim Stolze