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Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to automatically predict judgment results, such as charges, relevant law articles, and the term of penalty. It plays a vital role in legal assistant systems and has become a popular research topic in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Lianxin Song , Xiaohui Han , Guangqi Liu , Wentong Wang , Chaoran Cui , Yilong Yin

Legal systems worldwide continue to struggle with overwhelming caseloads, limited judicial resources, and growing complexities in legal proceedings. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution, with Legal Judgment Prediction…

This paper demonstrate how NLP can be used to address an unmet need of the legal community and increase access to justice. The paper introduces Legal Precedent Prediction (LPP), the task of predicting relevant passages from precedential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Robert Zev Mahari

Legal judgment prediction (LJP) has become increasingly important in the legal field. In this paper, we identify that existing large language models (LLMs) have significant problems of insufficient reasoning due to a lack of legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Xinyu Yang , Chenlong Deng , Zhicheng Dou

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict the outcomes of legal cases based on factual descriptions, serving as a fundamental task to advance the development of legal systems. Traditional methods often rely on statistical analyses or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zhaolu Kang , Junhao Gong , Qingxi Chen , Hao Zhang , Jiaxin Liu , Rong Fu , Zhiyuan Feng , Yuan Wang , Simon Fong , Kaiyue Zhou

In recent years,the entire field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has enjoyed amazing novel results achieving almost human-like performance on a variety of tasks. Legal NLP domain has also been part of this process, as it has seen an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Mihai Masala , Traian Rebedea , Horia Velicu

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is a judicial assistance system that recommends the legal components such as applicable statues, prison term and penalty term by analyzing the given input case document. Indian legal system is in the need of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Prameela Madambakam , Shathanaa Rajmohan , Himangshu Sharma , Tummepalli Anka Chandrahas Purushotham Gupta

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to form legal judgments based on the criminal fact description. However, researchers struggle to classify confusing criminal cases, such as robbery and theft, which requires LJP models to distinguish the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Pengjie Liu , Wang Zhang , Yulong Ding , Xuefeng Zhang , Shuang-Hua Yang

Mainstream methods for Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) based on Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) heavily rely on the statistical correlation between case facts and judgment results. This paradigm lacks explicit modeling of legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuzhi Liang , Lixiang Ma , Xinrong Zhu

Confusing charge prediction is a challenging task in legal AI, which involves predicting confusing charges based on fact descriptions. While existing charge prediction methods have shown impressive performance, they face significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ang Li , Qiangchao Chen , Yiquan Wu , Ming Cai , Xiang Zhou , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is a pivotal task in legal AI. Existing semantic-enhanced LJP models integrate judicial precedents and legal knowledge for high performance. But they neglect legal reasoning logic, a critical component of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yue Zhang , Zhiliang Tian , Shicheng Zhou , Haiyang Wang , Wenqing Hou , Yuying Liu , Xuechen Zhao , Minlie Huang , Ye Wang , Bin Zhou

The burdensome impact of a skewed judges-to-cases ratio on the judicial system manifests in an overwhelming backlog of pending cases alongside an ongoing influx of new ones. To tackle this issue and expedite the judicial process, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Mann Khatri , Mirza Yusuf , Yaman Kumar , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict judgment outcomes based on case description. Several researchers have developed techniques to assist potential clients by predicting the outcome in the legal profession. However, none of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Salwa Abbara , Mona Hafez , Aya Kazzaz , Areej Alhothali , Alhanouf Alsolami

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) aims to predict judicial outcomes, including relevant legal charge, terms, and fines, which is a crucial process in Large Language Model(LLM). However, LJP faces two key challenges: (1)Long Tail Distribution:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Ao Chang , Tong Zhou , Yubo Chen , Delai Qiu , Shengping Liu , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

In recent years, Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) has gained significant attention in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) owing to its ability to enhance model generalization across diverse domains. However, its application…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Zhaolu Kang , Hongtian Cai , Xiangyang Ji , Jinzhe Li , Nanfei Gu

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) has become a core benchmark for evaluating AI in the criminal legal domain, but it only sees criminal cases that have already passed prosecutorial review and been formally indicted. As a result, LJP leaves a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Junyu Lu , Qi Wei , Peishuo Zheng , Jie Zhang , Hui Huang , Qianru Wang , Chuan Xiao , Jianbin Qin , Shuyuan Zheng

Legal Judgment Prediction is one of the most acclaimed fields for the combined area of NLP, AI, and Law. By legal prediction we mean an intelligent systems capable to predict specific judicial characteristics, such as judicial outcome, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Vithor Gomes Ferreira Bertalan , Evandro Eduardo Seron Ruiz

Legal judgment prediction (LJP) aims to function as a judge by making final rulings based on case claims and facts, which plays a vital role in the judicial domain for supporting court decision-making and improving judicial efficiency.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Weijie Shi , Han Zhu , Jiaming Ji , Mengze Li , Jipeng Zhang , Ruiyuan Zhang , Jia Zhu , Jiajie Xu , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Deep learning has made significant progress in the past decade, and demonstrates potential to solve problems with extensive social impact. In high-stakes decision making areas such as law, experts often require interpretability for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Chu Fei Luo , Rohan Bhambhoria , Samuel Dahan , Xiaodan Zhu

In the rapidly evolving field of legal analytics, finding relevant cases and accurately predicting judicial outcomes are challenging because of the complexity of legal language, which often includes specialized terminology, complex syntax,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Dong Shu , Haoran Zhao , Xukun Liu , David Demeter , Mengnan Du , Yongfeng Zhang