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Randomized algorithms for deciding satisfiability were shown to be effective in solving problems with thousands of variables. However, these algorithms are not complete. That is, they provide no guarantee that a satisfying assignment, if…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Deborah East , Miroslaw Truszczynski

Real data are constrained to finite sampling rates, which calls for a suitable mathematical description of the corrections to the finite-time estimations of the dynamic equations. Often in the literature, lower order discrete time…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-13 C. Anteneodo , R. Riera

We construct a fast exact algorithm for the simulation of the first-passage time, jointly with the undershoot and overshoot, of a tempered stable subordinator over an arbitrary non-increasing absolutely continuous function. We prove that…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Jorge Ignacio González Cázares , Feng Lin , Aleksandar Mijatović

A general theory of efficient estimation for ergodic diffusion processes sampled at high frequency with an infinite time horizon is presented. High frequency sampling is common in many applications, with finance as a prominent example. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-10 Michael Sørensen

The availability of precise and accurate simulation is a limiting factor for interpreting and forecasting data in many fields of science and engineering. Often, one or more distinct simulation software applications are developed, each with…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-02-19 Moritz Wolf , Lars O. Stietz , Patrick L. S. Connor , Peter Schleper , Samuel Bein

Dynamic simulators are computational models governed by differential equations that evolve over time. They are essential for scientific and engineering applications but remain challenging to emulate because of the unpredictable behavior of…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-12 Junoh Heo

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

The timescales of many physical, chemical, and biological processes are determined by first passage times (FPTs) of diffusion. The overwhelming majority of FPT research studies the time it takes a single diffusive searcher to find a target.…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-13 Sean D Lawley

The first-passage time (FPT) is a fundamental concept in stochastic processes, representing the time it takes for a process to reach a specified threshold for the first time. Often, considering a time-dependent threshold is essential for…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Devika Khurana , Sascha Desmettre , Evelyn Buckwar

Evacuation plans have been historically used as a safety measure for the construction of buildings. The existing crowd simulators require fully-modeled 3D environments and enough time to prepare and simulate scenarios, where the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Estevso Testa , Rodrigo C. Barros , Soraia Raupp Musse

In this paper, a modification of the conventional approximations to the quasi-maximum likelihood method is introduced for the parameter estimation of diffusion processes from discrete observations. This is based on a convergent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-12-19 J. C. Jimenez

Probabilistic programs are typically normal-looking programs describing posterior probability distributions. They intrinsically code up randomized algorithms and have long been at the heart of modern machine learning and approximate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Lutz Klinkenberg , Tobias Winkler , Mingshuai Chen , Joost-Pieter Katoen

Discrete diffusion models have emerged as a powerful generative modeling framework for discrete data with successful applications spanning from text generation to image synthesis. However, their deployment faces challenges due to the high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yinuo Ren , Haoxuan Chen , Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Yongxin Chen , Grant M. Rotskoff , Molei Tao , Lexing Ying

Approximation algorithms are widely used in many engineering problems. To obtain a data set for approximation a factorial design of experiments is often used. In such case the size of the data set can be very large. Therefore, one of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-04 Mikhail Belyaev , Evgeny Burnaev , Yermek Kapushev

We establish general moment estimates for the discrete and continuous exit times of a general It\^o process in terms of the distance to the boundary. These estimates serve as intermediate steps to obtain strong convergence results for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-10 Bruno Bouchard , Stefan Geiss , Emmanuel Gobet

Calculating the mean exit time (MET) for models of diffusion is a classical problem in statistical physics, with various applications in biophysics, economics and heat and mass transfer. While many exact results for MET are known for…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-03-04 Elliot J. Carr , Daniel J. VandenHeuvel , Joshua M. Wilson , Matthew J. Simpson

Diffusion models generate data by learning to reverse a forward process, where samples are progressively perturbed with Gaussian noise according to a predefined noise schedule. From a geometric perspective, each noise schedule corresponds…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Teng Zhang , Hongxu Jiang , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

The diffusion model has demonstrated promising results in image generation, recently becoming mainstream and representing a notable advancement for many generative modeling tasks. Prior applications of the diffusion model for both fast…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-18 Cheng Jiang , Sitian Qian , Huilin Qu

Gaussian processes are a powerful class of non-linear models, but have limited applicability for larger datasets due to their high computational complexity. In such cases, approximate methods are required, for example, the recently…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-24 Soham Mukherjee , Manfred Claassen , Paul-Christian Bürkner

Simulating differential equations on classical computers becomes an intractable problem if the grid size is extremely large. Quantum computers are believed to achieve a possibly exponential speedup in the matrix operation. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Xinchi Huang , Hirofumi Nishi , Taichi Kosugi , Yoshifumi Kawada , Yu-ichiro Matsushita