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Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) reveal a perplexing phenomenon in continual learning: despite extensive training, models experience significant performance declines, raising questions about task alignment and underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Junhao Zheng , Xidi Cai , Shengjie Qiu , Qianli Ma

Large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned for use on downstream tasks, though this can degrade capabilities learned during previous training. This phenomenon, often referred to as catastrophic forgetting, has important potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Megan Ung , Alicia Sun , Samuel J. Bell , Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Levent Sagun , Adina Williams

In recent years, major advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have been driven by the emergence of large language models (LLMs), which have significantly revolutionized research and development within the field. Building upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Hazal Türkmen , Oğuz Dikenelli , Cenk Eraslan , Mehmet Cem Çallı , Süha Süreyya Özbek

Domain adaptation for large neural language models (NLMs) is coupled with massive amounts of unstructured data in the pretraining phase. In this study, however, we show that pretrained NLMs learn in-domain information more effectively and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Shahriar Golchin , Mihai Surdeanu , Nazgol Tavabi , Ata Kiapour

Language models are pre-trained using large corpora of generic data like book corpus, common crawl and Wikipedia, which is essential for the model to understand the linguistic characteristics of the language. New studies suggest using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Arnav Ladkat , Aamir Miyajiwala , Samiksha Jagadale , Rekha Kulkarni , Raviraj Joshi

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in a multitude of NLP tasks. However, the efficacy of such models to languages other than English is often limited. Prior works have shown that encoder-only models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Sunayana Sitaram

Transfer learning from large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a powerful technique to enable knowledge-based fine-tuning for a number of tasks, adaptation of models for different domains and even languages. However, it remains an open…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Sovesh Mohapatra , Somesh Mohapatra

The safety alignment of large language models (LLMs) is becoming increasingly important with their democratization. In this paper, we study the safety degradation that comes with adapting LLMs to new tasks. We attribute this safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Lama Alssum , Hani Itani , Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Philip Torr , Adel Bibi , Bernard Ghanem

Continual learning for end-to-end automatic speech recognition has to contend with a number of difficulties. Fine-tuning strategies tend to lose performance on data already seen, a process known as catastrophic forgetting. On the other…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-18 Peter Plantinga , Jaekwon Yoo , Chandra Dhir

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on natural language understanding (NLU) tasks through fine-tuning. However, fine-tuned models still suffer from overconfident predictions, especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Guande He , Jianfei Chen , Jun Zhu

This paper considers continual learning of large-scale pretrained neural machine translation model without accessing the previous training data or introducing model separation. We argue that the widely used regularization-based methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shuhao Gu , Bojie Hu , Yang Feng

GPT-2 and BERT demonstrate the effectiveness of using pre-trained language models (LMs) on various natural language processing tasks. However, LM fine-tuning often suffers from catastrophic forgetting when applied to resource-rich tasks. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jiacheng Yang , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Chengqi Zhao , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Lei Li

Continual learning (CL) aims to train models that can sequentially learn new tasks without forgetting previous tasks' knowledge. Although previous works observed that pre-training can benefit CL, it remains unclear whether a pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xueying Bai , Yifan Sun , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Continual Pre-Training (CPT) on Large Language Models (LLMs) has been widely used to expand the model's fundamental understanding of specific downstream domains (e.g., math and code). For the CPT on domain-specific LLMs, one important…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Haoran Que , Jiaheng Liu , Ge Zhang , Chenchen Zhang , Xingwei Qu , Yinghao Ma , Feiyu Duan , Zhiqi Bai , Jiakai Wang , Yuanxing Zhang , Xu Tan , Jie Fu , Wenbo Su , Jiamang Wang , Lin Qu , Bo Zheng

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) traditionally assumes known domains, but adding data from a new domain raises concerns about computational inefficiencies linked to retraining models on both existing and new domains. Fine-tuning solely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Devang Kulshreshtha , Saket Dingliwal , Brady Houston , Nikolaos Pappas , Srikanth Ronanki

Although pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, they are shown to be lacking in knowledge when dealing with knowledge driven tasks. Despite the many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Qianglong Chen , Feng-Lin Li , Guohai Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Yin Zhang

The cross-lingual transfer is a promising technique to solve tasks in less-resourced languages. In this empirical study, we compare two fine-tuning approaches combined with zero-shot and full-shot learning approaches for large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Boshko Koloski , Blaž Škrlj , Marko Robnik-Šikonja , Senja Pollak

Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC) aims to detect and correct spelling errors in given sentences. Recently, multi-domain CSC has gradually attracted the attention of researchers because it is more practicable. In this paper, we focus on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Peng Xing , Yinghui Li , Shirong Ma , Xinnian Liang , Haojing Huang , Yangning Li , Hai-Tao Zheng , Wenhao Jiang , Ying Shen

Conventional continual pretraining (CPT) for large language model (LLM) domain adaptation often suffers from catastrophic forgetting and limited domain capacity. Existing strategies adopt layer expansion, introducing additional trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jinyang Zhang , Yue Fang , Hongxin Ding , Weibin Liao , Muyang Ye , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

The continual learning (CL) ability is vital for deploying large language models (LLMs) in the dynamic world. Existing methods devise the learning module to acquire task-specific knowledge with parameter-efficient tuning (PET) block and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Weixiang Zhao , Shilong Wang , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Xuanyu Zhang , Qing Yang , Dongliang Xu , Wanxiang Che
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