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Universal approximation theorem suggests that a shallow neural network can approximate any function. The input to neurons at each layer is a weighted sum of previous layer neurons and then an activation is applied. These activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Bhaavan Goel

Multiplication layers are a key component in various influential neural network modules, including self-attention and hypernetwork layers. In this paper, we investigate the approximation capabilities of deep neural networks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Ido Ben-Shaul , Tomer Galanti , Shai Dekel

The single-layer feedforward neural network with random weights is a recurring motif in the neural networks literature. The advantage of these networks is their simplified training, which reduces to solving a ridge-regression problem. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 M. Andrecut

In a function approximation with a neural network, an input dataset is mapped to an output index by optimizing the parameters of each hidden-layer unit. For a unary function, we present constraints on the parameters and its second…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-22 Masayo Inoue , Mana Futamura , Hirokazu Ninomiya

We consider deep neural networks with a Lipschitz continuous activation function and with weight matrices of variable widths. We establish a uniform convergence analysis framework in which sufficient conditions on weight matrices and bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Yuesheng Xu , Haizhang Zhang

We contribute to a better understanding of the class of functions that can be represented by a neural network with ReLU activations and a given architecture. Using techniques from mixed-integer optimization, polyhedral theory, and tropical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Christoph Hertrich , Amitabh Basu , Marco Di Summa , Martin Skutella

Neural implicit surfaces are a promising tool for geometry processing that represent a solid object as the zero level set of a neural network. Usually trained to approximate a signed distance function of the considered object, these methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Guillaume Coiffier , Louis Bethune

We study the properties of nonparametric least squares regression using deep neural networks. We derive non-asymptotic upper bounds for the prediction error of the empirical risk minimizer of feedforward deep neural regression. Our error…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Yuling Jiao , Guohao Shen , Yuanyuan Lin , Jian Huang

In studying the expressiveness of neural networks, an important question is whether there are functions which can only be approximated by sufficiently deep networks, assuming their size is bounded. However, for constant depths, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Gal Vardi , Ohad Shamir

Single layer feedforward networks with random weights are successful in a variety of classification and regression problems. These networks are known for their non-iterative and fast training algorithms. A major drawback of these networks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Ajay M. Patrikar

We examine the necessary and sufficient complexity of neural networks to approximate functions from different smoothness spaces under the restriction of encodable network weights. Based on an entropy argument, we start by proving lower…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-21 Ingo Gühring , Mones Raslan

We propose semi-random features for nonlinear function approximation. The flexibility of semi-random feature lies between the fully adjustable units in deep learning and the random features used in kernel methods. For one hidden layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Kenji Kawaguchi , Bo Xie , Vikas Verma , Le Song

We develop a corrective mechanism for neural network approximation: the total available non-linear units are divided into multiple groups and the first group approximates the function under consideration, the second group approximates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Guy Bresler , Dheeraj Nagaraj

The optimization foundations of deep linear networks have recently received significant attention. However, due to their inherent non-convexity and hierarchical structure, analyzing the loss functions of deep linear networks remains a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Po Chen , Rujun Jiang , Peng Wang

We study expressive power of shallow and deep neural networks with piece-wise linear activation functions. We establish new rigorous upper and lower bounds for the network complexity in the setting of approximations in Sobolev spaces. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Dmitry Yarotsky

This work explores the neural network approximation capabilities for functions within the spectral Barron space $\mathscr{B}^s$, where $s$ is the smoothness index. We demonstrate that for functions in $\mathscr{B}^{1/2}$, a shallow neural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Yulei Liao , Pingbing Ming , Hao Yu

We study online learning of feedforward neural networks with the sign activation function that implement functions from the unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^d$ to a finite label set $\{1, \ldots, Y\}$. First, we characterize a margin condition that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-15 Amit Daniely , Idan Mehalel , Elchanan Mossel

The proximal gradient algorithm for minimizing the sum of a smooth and a nonsmooth convex function often converges linearly even without strong convexity. One common reason is that a multiple of the step length at each iteration may…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-06-29 Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Adrian S. Lewis

This paper studies the approximation capacity of ReLU neural networks with norm constraint on the weights. We prove upper and lower bounds on the approximation error of these networks for smooth function classes. The lower bound is derived…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Yuling Jiao , Yang Wang , Yunfei Yang

We present effective algorithms for uniform approximation of multivariate functions satisfying some prescribed inner structure. We extend in several directions the analysis of recovery of ridge functions $f(x)=g(\langle a,x\rangle)$ as…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-09 Anton Kolleck , Jan Vybiral