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We present FDM (Fan Duality Model), a linear sequence architecture that resolves the fundamental tension between memory efficiency and associative recall in sequence modeling. FDM separates sequence processing into two components: a wave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yasong Fan

This work discusses memory-immersed collaborative digitization among compute-in-memory (CiM) arrays to minimize the area overheads of a conventional analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for deep learning inference. Thereby, using the proposed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Shamma Nasrin , Maeesha Binte Hashem , Nastaran Darabi , Benjamin Parpillon , Farah Fahim , Wilfred Gomes , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

In-memory computing (IMC) can eliminate the data movement between processor and memory which is a barrier to the energy-efficiency and performance in Von-Neumann computing. Resistive RAM (RRAM) is one of the promising devices for IMC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Sina Sayyah Ensan , Swaroop Ghosh , Seyedhamidreza Motaman , Derek Weast

We present a study based on numerical simulations and comparative analysis of recent experimental data concerning the operation and design of FeFETs. Our results show that a proper consideration of charge trapping in the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Daniel Lizzit , David Esseni

Transformer models represent the cutting edge of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and excel in a wide range of machine learning tasks. However, processing these models demands significant computational resources and results in a substantial…

An integrate-and-fire time-encoding-machine (IF-TEM) is an energy-efficient asynchronous sampler. Utilizing the IF-TEM sampler for bandlimited signals, we introduce designs for time encoding and decoding with analog compression prior to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Saar Tarnopolsky , Hila Naaman , Yonina C. Eldar , Alejandro Cohen

While general-purpose computing follows Von Neumann's architecture, the data movement between memory and processor elements dictates the processor's performance. The evolving compute-in-memory (CiM) paradigm tackles this issue by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Dhandeep Challagundla , Ignatius Bezzam , Riadul Islam

Feature embedding learning and feature interaction modeling are two crucial components of deep models for Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction. Most existing deep CTR models suffer from the following three problems. First, feature…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Chenxu Zhu , Bo Chen , Weinan Zhang , Jincai Lai , Ruiming Tang , Xiuqiang He , Zhenguo Li , Yong Yu

FEbeam is a compact field emission data processing interface with the capability to analyze the field emission cathode performance in an rf injector by extracting the field enhancement factor, local field, and effective emission area from…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Mitchell Schneider , Emily Jevarjian , Jiahang Shao , Sergey V. Baryshev

The geometrical and performance scaling of silicon CMOS integrated circuit technology over the past 50 years has enabled many affordable new products for business and consumer applications. Recognizing that Flash is approaching its ultimate…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-08-21 Franz Kreupl

HfO2-based Ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) has become a center of attraction for non-volatile memory applications because of their low power, fast switching speed, high scalability, and CMOS compatibility. In this work, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Paritosh Meihar , Rowtu Srinu , Vivek Saraswat , Sandip Lashkare , Halid Mulaosmanovic , Ajay Kumar Singh , Stefan Dünkel , Sven Beyer , Udayan Ganguly

Compute-in-memory (CIM) is an efficient method for implementing deep neural networks (DNNs) but suffers from substantial overhead from analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), especially as ADC precision increases. Low-precision ADCs can reduce…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiyoon Kim , Kang Eun Jeon , Yulhwa Kim , Jong Hwan Ko

Analog computing has been recognized as a promising low-power alternative to digital counterparts for neural network acceleration. However, conventional analog computing is mainly in a mixed-signal manner. Tedious analog/digital (A/D)…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Hanqing Zhu , Keren Zhu , Jiaqi Gu , Harrison Jin , Ray Chen , Jean Anne Incorvia , David Z. Pan

Co-exploration of neural architectures and hardware design is promising to simultaneously optimize network accuracy and hardware efficiency. However, state-of-the-art neural architecture search algorithms for the co-exploration are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Weiwen Jiang , Qiuwen Lou , Zheyu Yan , Lei Yang , Jingtong Hu , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Confidential Virtual Machines (CVMs) are increasingly adopted to protect sensitive workloads from privileged adversaries such as the hypervisor. While they provide strong isolation guarantees, existing CVM architectures lack first-class…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Sina Abdollahi , Amir Al Sadi , David Kotz , Marios Kogias , Hamed Haddadi

Agentic AI require persistent memory to store user-specific histories beyond the limited context window of LLMs. Existing memory systems use dense vector databases or knowledge-graph traversal (or hybrid), incurring high retrieval latency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yi Li , Lianjie Cao , Faraz Ahmed , Puneet Sharma , Bingzhe Li

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) imposes substantial memory bandwidth demands, presenting significant challenges for efficient hardware acceleration. Near-memory Processing (NMP) has emerged as a promising architectural solution to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Shangyi Shi , Husheng Han , Jianan Mu , Xinyao Zheng , Ling Liang , Hang Lu , Zidong Du , Xiaowei Li , Xing Hu , Qi Guo

Information and communication technologies account for a growing portion of global environmental impacts. While emerging technologies, such as emerging non-volatile memories (eNVM), offer a promising solution to energy efficient computing,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Hongbang Wu , Xuesi Chen , Shubham Jadhav , Amit Lal , Lillian Pentecost , Udit Gupta

Attention for transformers is a critical workload that has recently received significant "attention" as a target for custom acceleration. Yet, while prior work succeeds in reducing attention's memory-bandwidth requirements, it creates load…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Nandeeka Nayak , Xinrui Wu , Toluwanimi O. Odemuyiwa , Michael Pellauer , Joel S. Emer , Christopher W. Fletcher

This work investigates the problem of instance-level image retrieval re-ranking with the constraint of memory efficiency, ultimately aiming to limit memory usage to 1KB per image. Departing from the prevalent focus on performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Pavel Suma , Giorgos Kordopatis-Zilos , Ahmet Iscen , Giorgos Tolias