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Augmented reality technology will likely be prevalent with more affordable head-mounted displays. Integrating novel interaction modalities, such as eye trackers into head-mounted displays could lead to collecting vast amounts of biometric…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Efe Bozkir , Babette Bühler , Xiaoyuan Wu , Enkelejda Kasneci , Lujo Bauer , Lorrie Faith Cranor

Facial expression recognition relies on facial data that inherently expose identity and thus raise significant privacy concerns. Current privacy-preserving methods typically fail in realistic open-set video settings where identities are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Feng Xu , Xun Li , Lars Petersson , Yulei Sui , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Dadong Wang

Wearable pupil detection systems often separate the analysis of the captured wearer's eye images for wirelessly-tethered back-end systems. We argue in this paper that investigating hardware-software co-designs would bring along…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Ankur Raj , Diwas Bhattarai , Kristof Van Laerhoven

With rapid advancements in image generation technology, face swapping for privacy protection has emerged as an active area of research. The ultimate benefit is improved access to video datasets, e.g. in healthcare settings. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Ethan Wilson , Frederick Shic , Jenny Skytta , Eakta Jain

Iris-based biometric identification is increasingly recognized for its significant accuracy and long-term stability compared to other biometric modalities such as fingerprints or facial features. However, all biometric modalities are highly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Christina Karakosta , Lian Alhedaithy , William J. Knottenbelt

Finding the eye and parsing out the parts (e.g. pupil and iris) is a key prerequisite for image-based eye tracking, which has become an indispensable module in today's head-mounted VR/AR devices. However, a typical route for training a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jiangfan Deng , Zhuang Jia , Zhaoxue Wang , Xiang Long , Daniel K. Du

Video surveillance has become ubiquitous in the modern world. Mobile devices, surveillance cameras, and IoT devices, all can record video that can violate our privacy. One proposed solution for this is privacy-preserving video, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Chengkai Yu , Charles Fleming , Hai-Ning Liang

Eye gaze contains rich information about human attention and cognitive processes. This capability makes the underlying technology, known as gaze tracking, a critical enabler for many ubiquitous applications and has triggered the development…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Lingyu Du , Jinyuan Jia , Xucong Zhang , Guohao Lan

There is an increasing concern in computer vision devices invading users' privacy by recording unwanted videos. On the one hand, we want the camera systems to recognize important events and assist human daily lives by understanding its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Zhongzheng Ren , Yong Jae Lee , Michael S. Ryoo

As large eye-tracking datasets are created, data privacy is a pressing concern for the eye-tracking community. De-identifying data does not guarantee privacy because multiple datasets can be linked for inferences. A common belief is that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Ao Liu , Lirong Xia , Andrew Duchowski , Reynold Bailey , Kenneth Holmqvist , Eakta Jain

Video privacy leakage is becoming an increasingly severe public problem, especially in cloud-based video surveillance systems. It leads to the new need for secure cloud-based video applications, where the video is encrypted for privacy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-31 Xianhao Tian , Peijia Zheng , Jiwu Huang

The proliferation of large AI models trained on uncurated, often sensitive web-scraped data has raised significant privacy concerns. One of the concerns is that adversaries can extract information about the training data using privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Dominik Hintersdorf , Lukas Struppek , Daniel Neider , Kristian Kersting

In many visual systems, visual tracking often bases on RGB image sequences, in which some targets are invalid in low-light conditions, and tracking performance is thus affected significantly. Introducing other modalities such as depth and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Chenglong Li , Tianhao Zhu , Lei Liu , Xiaonan Si , Zilin Fan , Sulan Zhai

Human eye contact is a form of non-verbal communication and can have a great influence on social behavior. Since the location and size of the eye contact targets vary across different videos, learning a generic video-independent eye contact…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Tianyi Wu , Yusuke Sugano

Eye tracking in recommender systems can provide an additional source of implicit feedback, while helping to evaluate other sources of feedback. In this study, we use eye tracking data to inform a collaborative filtering model for movie…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Santiago de Leon-Martinez , Robert Moro , Maria Bielikova

Synthesis of same-identity biometric iris images, both for existing and non-existing identities while preserving the identity across a wide range of pupil sizes, is complex due to the intricate iris muscle constriction mechanism, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Siamul Karim Khan , Patrick Tinsley , Mahsa Mitcheff , Patrick Flynn , Kevin W. Bowyer , Adam Czajka

Estimating eye-gaze from images alone is a challenging task, in large parts due to un-observable person-specific factors. Achieving high accuracy typically requires labeled data from test users which may not be attainable in real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Seonwook Park , Emre Aksan , Xucong Zhang , Otmar Hilliges

While for the evaluation of robustness of eye tracking algorithms the use of real-world data is essential, there are many applications where simulated, synthetic eye images are of advantage. They can generate labelled ground-truth data for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-25 Thomas C. Kübler , Tobias Rittig , Judith Ungewiss , Christina Krauss , Enkelejda Kasneci

Using mathematical modeling and human subjects experiments, this research explores the extent to which emerging webcams might leak recognizable textual and graphical information gleaming from eyeglass reflections captured by webcams. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Yan Long , Chen Yan , Shilin Xiao , Shivan Prasad , Wenyuan Xu , Kevin Fu

In this paper, we present an approach based on reinforcement learning for eye tracking data manipulation. It is based on two opposing agents, where one tries to classify the data correctly and the second agent looks for patterns in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Wolfgang Fuhl , Efe Bozkir , Enkelejda Kasneci