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Cooperation underlies many natural and artificial systems. While voluntary participation can sustain cooperation without informational assumptions, real interactions are rarely anonymous, leaving the joint effects of participation and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-27 Chen Shen , Zhao Song , Xinyu Wang , Lei Shi , Matjaž Perc , Zhen Wang , Jun Tanimoto

Besides altruistic punishment and group selection, we argue that, mercy can lead to altruistic cooperation. Modeling the micro economic behavior of the mercy, with two alleles of genes (Cooperation or Defection & Mercy or No mercy) agents…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-11-27 Zhijian Wang , Weidong Luo

We explore the minimal conditions for sustainable cooperation on a spatially distributed population of memoryless, unconditional strategies (cooperators and defectors) in presence of unbiased, non contingent mobility in the context of the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Mendeli H. Vainstein , Ana Tereza Costa Silva , Jeferson J. Arenzon

Economic experiments have shown that punishment can increase public goods game contributions over time. However, the effectiveness of punishment is challenged by second-order freeriding and antisocial punishment. The latter implies that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-01 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

The cooperation mechanism of indirect reciprocity has been studied by making multiple variations of its parts. This research proposes a new variant of Nowak and Sigmund model, focused on agents' attitude; it is called Individualistic…

Direct reciprocity is a wide-spread mechanism for evolution of cooperation. In repeated interactions, players can condition their behavior on previous outcomes. A well known approach is given by reactive strategies, which respond to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Nikoleta E. Glynatsi , Martin A. Nowak , Christian Hilbe

One of the most direct human mechanisms of promoting cooperation is rewarding it. We study the effect of sharing a reward among cooperators in the most stringent form of social dilemma, namely the Prisoner's Dilemma. Specifically, for a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-02 J. A. Cuesta , R. Jimenez , H. Lugo , A. Sanchez

We study an overlapping-generations model of community enforcement where each agent interacts once as young and once as old across two groups. After each match a minimal, directed record assigns a public "stigma" only when a player defects…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-12 David Li , Georgy Lukyanov

Reputation serves as a powerful mechanism for promoting cooperation in multi-agent systems, as agents are more inclined to cooperate with those of good social standing. While existing multi-agent reinforcement learning methods typically…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Tianyu Ren , Xuan Yao , Yang Li , Xiao-Jun Zeng

Cooperation is the foundation of ecosystems and the human society, and the reinforcement learning provides crucial insight into the mechanism for its emergence. However, most previous work has mostly focused on the self-organization at the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-05-17 Zhen-Wei Ding , Guo-Zhong Zheng , Chao-Ran Cai , Wei-Ran Cai , Li Chen , Ji-Qiang Zhang , Xu-Ming Wang

Inspired by the fact that people have diverse propensities to punish wrongdoers, we study a spatial public goods game with defectors and different types of punishing cooperators. During the game, cooperators punish defectors with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-08-14 Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

In social dilemmas self-interested learning agents face the choice between the societal benefit of cooperation and the immediate reward of defection. Significant evidence exists on the benefits of assortment mechanisms such as partner…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Benedict Russell , Chin-wing Leung , Paolo Turrini

We study the effects of mobility on the evolution of cooperation among mobile players, which imitate collective motion of biological flocks and interact with neighbors within a prescribed radius $R$. Adopting the prisoner's dilemma game and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-02-22 Zhuo Chen , Jian-Xi Gao , Yun-Ze Cai , Xiao-Ming Xu

Human behavioural patterns exhibit selfish or competitive, as well as selfless or altruistic tendencies, both of which have demonstrable effects on human social and economic activity. In behavioural economics, such effects have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Jan E. Snellman , Gerardo Iñiguez , János Kertész , R. A. Barrio , Kimmo K. Kaski

Exploiting others is beneficial individually but it could also be detrimental globally. The reverse is also true: a higher cooperation level may change the environment in a way that is beneficial for all competitors. To explore the possible…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-02-23 Attila Szolnoki , Xiaojie Chen

This study investigates the effect of behavioral mistakes on the evolutionary stability of the cooperative equilibrium in a repeated public goods game. Many studies show that behavioral mistakes have detrimental effects on cooperation…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-07-01 Jung-Kyoo Choi , Jun Sok Huhh

Humans judge each other's actions, which at least partly functions to detect and deter cheating and to enable helpfulness in an indirect reciprocity fashion. However, most forms of judging do not only concern the action itself, but also the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-21 Marcus Krellner , The Anh Han

We examine behavior in an experimental collaboration game that incorporates endogenous network formation. The environment is modeled as a generalization of the voluntary contributions mechanism. By varying the information structure in a…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-17 Philip Solimine , Luke Boosey

We analyze a cooperative game, where the cooperative act is not based on the previous behaviour of the co-player, but on the similarity between the players. This system has been studied in a mean-field description recently [A. Traulsen and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arne Traulsen , Jens Christian Claussen

According to the standard imitation protocol, a less successful player adopts the strategy of the more successful one faithfully for future success. This is the cornerstone of evolutionary game theory that explores the vitality of competing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-09-27 Attila Szolnoki , Xiaojie Chen