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The observation that the orbits of long-period Kuiper Belt objects are anomalously clustered in physical space has recently prompted the Planet Nine hypothesis - the proposed existence of a distant and eccentric planetary member of our…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 Tali Khain , Konstantin Batygin , Michael E. Brown

About 2500 square degrees of sky south of declination -25 degrees and/or near the galactic plane were surveyed for bright outer solar system objects. This survey is one of the first large scale southern sky and galactic plane surveys to…

The low-inclination component of the Classical Kuiper Belt is host to a population of extremely widely-separated binaries. These systems are similar to other Trans-Neptunian binaries (TNBs) in that the primary and secondary components of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Alex H. Parker , JJ. Kavelaars , Jean-Marc Petit , Lynne Jones , Brett Gladman , Joel Parker

Kuiper belt object 136108 Haumea is one of the most fascinating bodies in our solar system. Approximately 2000x1600x1000 km in size, it is one of the largest Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) and an unusually elongated one for its size. The shape…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-03 Pedro Lacerda

Cold Classical Kuiper belt objects (CCKBOs) are considered first-generation planetesimals that formed 42-47 au from the Sun and remained untouched since. Formation is thought to proceed by clumping of dust particles in protoplanetary disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-31 Rixin Li , Eugene Chiang

We explore the origin and orbital evolution of the Kuiper belt in the framework of a recent model of the dynamical evolution of the giant planets, sometimes known as the Nice model. This model is characterized by a short, but violent,…

The Solar system beyond Neptune is believed to house a population of small primordial bodies left over from the planet formation process. The region up to heliocentric distance $\sim 50 AU$ (a.k.a. the Kuiper Belt) may be the source of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Renu Malhotra

Kuiper Belt objects with absolute magnitude less than 3 (radius $\gtrsim$500 km), the dwarf planets, have a range of different ice/rock ratios, and are more rock-rich than their smaller counterparts. Many of these objects have moons, which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-06 Amy C. Barr , Megan E. Schwamb

We report high precision photometry of three small and one larger Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (ACS/HST). The three small bodies are the smallest KBOs for which…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 David E. Trilling , Gary M. Bernstein

(Abridged) Thirty-three objects with possible origins beyond the Kuiper Belt edge, very high inclinations, very large semi-major axes or large perihelion distances were observed to determine their surface colors. All three objects that have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Scott S. Sheppard

Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) are thought to be the remnant of the early solar system, and their size distribution provides an opportunity to explore the formation and evolution of the outer solar system. In particular, the size distribution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 K. Arimatsu , K. Tsumura , F. Usui , Y. Shinnaka , K. Ichikawa , T. Ootsubo , T. Kotani , T. Wada , K. Nagase , J. Watanabe

The Pluto system was recently explored by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft, making closest approach on 14 July 2015. Pluto's surface displays diverse landforms, terrain ages, albedos, colors, and composition gradients. Evidence is found for a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-06 S. A. Stern , F. Bagenal , K. Ennico , G. R. Gladstone , W. M. Grundy , W. B. McKinnon , J. M. Moore , C. B. Olkin , J. R. Spencer , H. A. Weaver , L. A. Young , T. Andert , J. Andrews , M. Banks , B. Bauer , J. Bauman , O. S. Barnouin , P. Bedini , K. Beisser , R. A. Beyer , S. Bhaskaran , R. P. Binzel , E. Birath , M. Bird , D. J. Bogan , A. Bowman , V. J. Bray , M. Brozovic , C. Bryan , M. R. Buckley , M. W. Buie , B. J. Buratti , S. S. Bushman , A. Calloway , B. Carcich , A. F. Cheng , S. Conard , C. A. Conrad , J. C. Cook , D. P. Cruikshank , O. S. Custodio , C. M. Dalle Ore , C. Deboy , Z. J. B. Dischner , P. Dumont , A. M. Earle , H. A. Elliott , J. Ercol , C. M. Ernst , T. Finley , S. H. Flanigan , G. Fountain , M. J. Freeze , T. Greathouse , J. L. Green , Y. Guo , M. Hahn , D. P. Hamilton , S. A. Hamilton , J. Hanley , A. Harch , H. M. Hart , C. B. Hersman , A. Hill , M. E. Hill , D. P. Hinson , M. E. Holdridge , M. Horanyi , A. D. Howard , C. J. A. Howett , C. Jackman , R. A. Jacobson , D. E. Jennings , J. A. Kammer , H. K. Kang , D. E. Kaufmann , P. Kollmann , S. M. Krimigis , D. Kusnierkiewicz , T. R. Lauer , J. E. Lee , K. L. Lindstrom , I. R. Linscott , C. M. Lisse , A. W. Lunsford , V. A. Mallder , N. Martin , D. J. McComas , R. L. McNutt , D. Mehoke , T. Mehoke , E. D. Melin , M. Mutchler , D. Nelson , F. Nimmo , J. I. Nunez , A. Ocampo , W. M. Owen , M. Paetzold , B. Page , A. H. Parker , J. W. Parker , F. Pelletier , J. Peterson , N. Pinkine , M. Piquette , S. B. Porter , S. Protopapa , J. Redfern , H. J. Reitsema , D. C. Reuter , J. H. Roberts , S. J. Robbins , G. Rogers , D. Rose , K. Runyon , K. D. Retherford , M. G. Ryschkewitsch , P. Schenk , R. Schindhelm , B. Sepan , M. R. Showalter , K. N. Singer , M. Soluri , D. Stanbridge , A. J. Steffl , D. F. Strobel , T. Stryk , M. E. Summers , J. R. Szalay , M. Tapley , A. Taylor , H. Taylor , H. B. Throop , C. C. C. Tsang , G. L. Tyler , O. M. Umurhan , A. J. Verbiscer , M. H. Versteeg , M. Vincent , R. Webbert , S. Weidner , G. E. Weigle , O. L. White , K. Whittenburg , B. G. Williams , K. Williams , S. Williams , W. W. Woods , A. M. Zangari , E. Zirnstein

We present a new near-infrared photometric system for detection of water ice and methane ice in the solar system. The system consists of two medium-band filters in the K-band region of the near-infrared, which are sensitive to water ice and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Chadwick A. Trujillo , Scott S. Sheppard , Emily L. Schaller

We have rereduced Spitzer IRS spectra and reanalyzed the SED's of three nearby debris disks: lambda Boo, HD 139664, and HR 8799. We find that that the thermal emission from these objects is well modeled using two single temperature black…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Christine H. Chen , Patrick Sheehan , Dan M. Watson , P. Manoj Puravankara , Joan R. Najita

We present new optical broadband colors, obtained with the Keck 1 and Vatican Advanced Technology telescopes, for six objects in the inner classical Kuiper Belt. Objects in the inner classical Kuiper Belt are of interest as they may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 W. Romanishin , S. C. Tegler , G. J. Consolmagno

We analyze archival data from Bailey and co-workers from the $Magellan$ adaptive optics system and present the first 0.9 $\mu$m detection ($z' = 20.3\pm0.4$ mag; $\Delta z'=13.0\pm0.4$ mag) of the 11 $M_\mathrm{Jup}$ circumbinary planet HD…