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A graph $G$ is said to be the intersection of graphs $G_1,G_2,\ldots,G_k$ if $V(G)=V(G_1)=V(G_2)=\cdots=V(G_k)$ and $E(G)=E(G_1)\cap E(G_2)\cap\cdots\cap E(G_k)$. For a graph $G$, $\mathrm{dim}_{COG}(G)$ (resp. $\mathrm{dim}_{TH}(G)$)…

Motivated by persistent homology and topological data analysis, we consider formal sums on a metric space with a distinguished subset. These formal sums, which we call persistence diagrams, have a canonical 1-parameter family of metrics…

A drawing of a graph is 1-planar if each edge participates in at most one crossing and adjacent edges do not cross. Up to symmetry, each crossing in a 1-planar drawing belongs to one out of six possible crossing types, where a type…

Persistent homology is a topological data analysis tool that has been widely generalized, extending its scope beyond the field of topology. Among its extensions, steady and ranging persistence were developed to study a wide variety of graph…

The problem of extending partial geometric graph representations such as plane graphs has received considerable attention in recent years. In particular, given a graph $G$, a connected subgraph $H$ of $G$ and a drawing $\mathcal{H}$ of $H$,…

While Graph Neural Network (GNN) has shown superiority in learning node representations of homogeneous graphs, leveraging GNN on heterogeneous graphs remains a challenging problem. The dominating reason is that GNN learns node…

An important question in the study of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) is understanding how the graph or hypergraph describing the incidence structure of the constraints influences the complexity of the problem. For binary CSP…

A consistent path system in a graph $G$ is an collection of paths, with exactly one path between any two vertices in $G$. A path system is said to be consistent if it is intersection-closed. We say that $G$ is strictly metrizable if every…

For a graph property $\Pi$, Subgraph Complementation to $\Pi$ is the problem to find whether there is a subset $S$ of vertices of the input graph $G$ such that modifying $G$ by complementing the subgraph induced by $S$ results in a graph…

A graph $H$ is said to be an induced minor of a graph $G$ if $H$ can be obtained from $G$ by a sequence of vertex deletions and edge contractions. Equivalently, $H$ is an induced minor of $G$ if there exists an induced minor model of $H$ in…

We propose a novel method for topological analysis of unweighted graphs which is based on \textit{persistent homology}. The proposed method maps the input graph to a complete weighted graph where the weighting function maps each edge to a…

We propose the notion of {\it resistance of a graph} as an accompanying notion of the structure entropy to measure the force of the graph to resist cascading failure of strategic virus attacks. We show that for any connected network $G$,…

Algorithmic extension problems of partial graph representations such as planar graph drawings or geometric intersection representations are of growing interest in topological graph theory and graph drawing. In such an extension problem, we…

We investigate string graphs through the lens of graph product structure theory, which describes complicated graphs as subgraphs of strong products of simpler building blocks. A graph $G$ is called a string graph if its vertices can be…

A graph $H$ is an \emph{isometric} subgraph of $G$ if $d_H(u,v)= d_G(u,v)$, for every pair~$u,v\in V(H)$. A graph is \emph{distance preserving} if it has an isometric subgraph of every possible order. A graph is \emph{sequentially distance…

In this paper we initiate the study of the temporal graph realization problem with respect to the fastest path durations among its vertices, while we focus on periodic temporal graphs. Given an $n \times n$ matrix $D$ and a $\Delta \in…

For graphs $G$ and $H$, a \emph{homomorphism} from $G$ to $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from the vertex set of $G$ to the vertex set of $H$. For a fixed graph $H$, by \textsc{Hom($H$)} we denote the computational problem which asks…

In this paper, we determine the computational complexity of recognizing two graph classes, \emph{grounded L}-graphs and \emph{stabbable grid intersection} graphs. An L-shape is made by joining the bottom end-point of a vertical ($\vert$)…

Let G be a simple, connected graph on n vertices. Let d_G(u,v) denote the distance between vertices u and v in G. A subgraph H of G is isometric if d_H(u,v)=d_G(u,v) for every u,v in V(H). We say that G is a distance-preserving graph if G…

S-prime graphs are graphs that cannot be represented as nontrivial subgraphs of nontrivial Cartesian products of graphs, i.e., whenever it is a subgraph of a nontrivial Cartesian product graph it is a subgraph of one the factors. A graph is…