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We present a new additive method, nicknamed sage for Simplified Additive Gaussian processes Emulator, to emulate climate model Perturbed Parameter Ensembles (PPEs). It estimates the value of a climate model output as the sum of additive…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-10 Qingyuan Yang , Gregory S Elsaesser , Marcus Van Lier-Walqui , Trude Eidhammer

Feature attributions based on the Shapley value are popular for explaining machine learning models; however, their estimation is complex from both a theoretical and computational standpoint. We disentangle this complexity into two factors:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Hugh Chen , Ian C. Covert , Scott M. Lundberg , Su-In Lee

Machine learning models are widely applied in various fields. Stakeholders often use post-hoc feature importance methods to better understand the input features' contribution to the models' predictions. The interpretation of the importance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-19 Bitya Neuhof , Yuval Benjamini

Agents of general intelligence deployed in real-world scenarios must adapt to ever-changing environmental conditions. While such adaptive agents may leverage engineered knowledge, they will require the capacity to construct and evaluate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-20 Craig Sherstan , Adam White , Marlos C. Machado , Patrick M. Pilarski

A method for the local and global interpretation of a black-box model on the basis of the well-known generalized additive models is proposed. It can be viewed as an extension or a modification of the algorithm using the neural additive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Andrei V. Konstantinov , Lev V. Utkin

Being able to interpret, or explain, the predictions made by a machine learning model is of fundamental importance. This is especially true when there is interest in deploying data-driven models to make high-stakes decisions, e.g. in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 An-phi Nguyen , María Rodríguez Martínez

The number of information systems (IS) studies dealing with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is currently exploding as the field demands more transparency about the internal decision logic of machine learning (ML) models. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Patrick Zschech , Sven Weinzierl , Nico Hambauer , Sandra Zilker , Mathias Kraus

This paper introduces X-SHAP, a model-agnostic method that assesses multiplicative contributions of variables for both local and global predictions. This method theoretically and operationally extends the so-called additive SHAP approach.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Luisa Bouneder , Yannick Léo , Aimé Lachapelle

Global model-agnostic feature importance measures either quantify whether features are directly used for a model's predictions (direct importance) or whether they contain prediction-relevant information (associative importance). Direct…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-16 Gunnar König , Timo Freiesleben , Bernd Bischl , Giuseppe Casalicchio , Moritz Grosse-Wentrup

In many applications, it is of interest to assess the relative contribution of features (or subsets of features) toward the goal of predicting a response -- in other words, to gauge the variable importance of features. Most recent work on…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-23 Brian D. Williamson , Peter B. Gilbert , Noah R. Simon , Marco Carone

Shapley value is a popular approach for measuring the influence of individual features. While Shapley feature attribution is built upon desiderata from game theory, some of its constraints may be less natural in certain machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Yongchan Kwon , James Zou

Many datasets suffer from missing values due to various reasons,which not only increases the processing difficulty of related tasks but also reduces the accuracy of classification. To address this problem, the mainstream approach is to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Cong Guo , Chun Liu , Wei Yang

Have you ever wondered how your feature space is impacting the prediction of a specific sample in your dataset? In this paper, we introduce Single Sample Feature Importance (SSFI), which is an interpretable feature importance algorithm that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Joseph Gatto , Ravi Lanka , Yumi Iwashita , Adrian Stoica

As complex machine learning models continue to find applications in high-stakes decision-making scenarios, it is crucial that we can explain and understand their predictions. Post-hoc explanation methods provide useful insights by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-16 Beepul Bharti , Paul Yi , Jeremias Sulam

Global variable importance measures are commonly used to interpret the results of machine learning models. Local variable importance techniques assess how variables contribute to individual observations. Current, popular methods, including…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-12 Kelvyn K. Bladen , Adele Cutler , D. Richard Cutler , Kevin R. Moon

Attention mechanisms have recently boosted performance on a range of NLP tasks. Because attention layers explicitly weight input components' representations, it is also often assumed that attention can be used to identify information that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Sofia Serrano , Noah A. Smith

Engineered image-based biomarkers offer a clinically interpretable alternative to black-box AI in computational pathology, yet their discovery remains largely intuition-driven, guided by fragmented literature rather than rigorous biological…

Shapley values have become one of the go-to methods to explain complex models to end-users. They provide a model agnostic post-hoc explanation with foundations in game theory: what is the worth of a player (in machine learning, a feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Joran Michiels , Maarten De Vos , Johan Suykens

When training a predictive model over medical data, the goal is sometimes to gain insights about a certain disease. In such cases, it is common to use feature importance as a tool to highlight significant factors contributing to that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Amnon Catav , Boyang Fu , Jason Ernst , Sriram Sankararaman , Ran Gilad-Bachrach

We introduce a family of interpretable machine learning models, with two broad additions: Linearised Additive Models (LAMs) which replace the ubiquitous logistic link function in General Additive Models (GAMs); and SubscaleHedge, an expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Danial Dervovic , Nicolas Marchesotti , Freddy Lecue , Daniele Magazzeni