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Recent progress in deep latent variable models has largely been driven by the development of flexible and scalable variational inference methods. Variational training of this type involves maximizing a lower bound on the log-likelihood,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Andriy Mnih , Danilo J. Rezende

We consider the problem of estimating a parameter associated to a Bayesian inverse problem. Treating the unknown initial condition as a nuisance parameter, typically one must resort to a numerical approximation of gradient of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-17 Ajay Jasra , Kody J. H. Law , Deng Lu

Inference for models with recursively defined likelihoods is computationally demanding, limiting scalability to large datasets. We propose a stabilised weighted subsampling methodology for accelerated inference based on an unbiased…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-14 Matias Quiroz , Aishwarya Bhaskaran , Zixuan Wang , Thomas Goodwin

In this short note we provide an unbiased multilevel Monte Carlo estimator of the log marginal likelihood and discuss its application to variational Bayes.

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-24 Takashi Goda , Kei Ishikawa

Several interesting generative learning algorithms involve a complex probability distribution over many random variables, involving intractable normalization constants or latent variable normalization. Some of them may even not have an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-05-13 Yoshua Bengio , Li Yao , Kyunghyun Cho

We study stochastic gradient descent for solving conditional stochastic optimization problems, in which an objective to be minimized is given by a parametric nested expectation with an outer expectation taken with respect to one random…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-28 Takashi Goda , Wataru Kitade

Recent work in unsupervised representation learning has focused on learning deep directed latent-variable models. Fitting these models by maximizing the marginal likelihood or evidence is typically intractable, thus a common approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Alexander A. Alemi , Ben Poole , Ian Fischer , Joshua V. Dillon , Rif A. Saurous , Kevin Murphy

In this paper we consider the estimation of unknown parameters in Bayesian inverse problems. In most cases of practical interest, there are several barriers to performing such estimation, This includes a numerical approximation of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-07 Neil K. Chada , Ajay Jasra , Mohamed Maama , Raul Tempone

We propose a unified framework for likelihood-based regression modeling when the response variable has finite support. Our work is motivated by the fact that, in practice, observed data are discrete and bounded. The proposed methods assume…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-13 Karl Oskar Ekvall , Matteo Bottai

We compute a variance lower bound for unbiased estimators in specified statistical models. The construction of the bound is related to the original Cram\'er-Rao bound, although it does not require the differentiability of the model.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-04-13 Thibault Espinasse , Paul Rochet

How can we perform efficient inference and learning in directed probabilistic models, in the presence of continuous latent variables with intractable posterior distributions, and large datasets? We introduce a stochastic variational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-13 Diederik P Kingma , Max Welling

We consider estimating an expected infinite-horizon cumulative discounted cost/reward contingent on an underlying stochastic process by Monte Carlo simulation. An unbiased estimator based on truncating the cumulative cost at a random…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Zhenyu Cui , Michael C. Fu , Yijie Peng , Lingjiong Zhu

We present a latent variable model for classification that provides a novel probabilistic interpretation of neural network softmax classifiers. We derive a variational objective to train the model, analogous to the evidence lower bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Shehzaad Dhuliawala , Mrinmaya Sachan , Carl Allen

We consider log-supermodular models on binary variables, which are probabilistic models with negative log-densities which are submodular. These models provide probabilistic interpretations of common combinatorial optimization tasks such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-19 Tatiana Shpakova , Francis Bach

When evaluating and comparing models using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV), the uncertainty of the estimate is typically assessed using the variance of the sampling distribution. Considering the uncertainty is important, as the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-16 Tuomas Sivula , Måns Magnusson , Aki Vehtari

Many popular linear classifiers, such as logistic regression, boosting, or SVM, are trained by optimizing a margin-based risk function. Traditionally, these risk functions are computed based on a labeled dataset. We develop a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-07-23 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Pinar Donmez , Guy Lebanon

Marginal-likelihood based model-selection, even though promising, is rarely used in deep learning due to estimation difficulties. Instead, most approaches rely on validation data, which may not be readily available. In this work, we present…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-16 Alexander Immer , Matthias Bauer , Vincent Fortuin , Gunnar Rätsch , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan

Posterior distributions often feature intractable normalizing constants, called marginal likelihoods or evidence, that are useful for model comparison via Bayes factors. This has motivated a number of methods for estimating ratios of…

Computation · Statistics 2018-10-03 Maxime Rischard , Pierre E. Jacob , Natesh Pillai

In this paper, we consider static parameter estimation for a class of continuous-time state-space models. Our goal is to obtain an unbiased estimate of the gradient of the log-likelihood (score function), which is an estimate that is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-01 Marco Ballesio , Ajay Jasra

This paper develops asymptotic theory for estimation of parameters in regression models for binomial response time series where serial dependence is present through a latent process. Use of generalized linear model (GLM) estimating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-06 W. T. M. Dunsmuir , J. Y. He
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