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We develop a method for training neural networks on Boolean data in which the values at all nodes are strictly $\pm 1$, and the resulting models are typically equivalent to networks whose nonzero weights are also $\pm 1$. The method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Veit Elser , Manish Krishan Lal

In this work, we propose a quantum algorithm to evaluate neural networks architectures named Quantum Neural Network Architecture Evaluation (QNNAE). The proposed algorithm is based on a quantum associative memory and the learning algorithm…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Adenilton José da Silva , Rodolfo Luan F. de Oliveira

Deep learning has been shown to be able to recognize data patterns better than humans in specific circumstances or contexts. In parallel, quantum computing has demonstrated to be able to output complex wave functions with a few number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Junhua Liu , Kwan Hui Lim , Kristin L. Wood , Wei Huang , Chu Guo , He-Liang Huang

We define a measure for the complexity of Boolean functions related to their implementation in neural networks, and in particular close related to the generalization ability that could be obtained through the learning process. The measure…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Leonardo Franco

Artificial intelligence algorithms largely build on multi-layered neural networks. Coping with their increasing complexity and memory requirements calls for a paradigmatic change in the way these powerful algorithms are run. Quantum…

We introduce a quantum neural network, QNN, that can represent labeled data, classical or quantum, and be trained by supervised learning. The quantum circuit consists of a sequence of parameter dependent unitary transformations which acts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-03 Edward Farhi , Hartmut Neven

Quantum algorithms can be analyzed in a query model to compute Boolean functions where input is given in a black box, but the aim is to compute function value for arbitrary input using as few queries as possible. In this paper we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-24 Alina Dubrovska Vasilieva , Taisia Mischenko-Slatenkova

We report on a gate-based variational quantum classifier implemented with single photons and probabilistic gates, to emulate the standard quantum circuit model framework. We evaluate the expressive power of two deployable quantum neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Solomon McKiernan , Luca Sapienza

With the constant increase of the number of quantum bits (qubits) in the actual quantum computers, implementing and accelerating the prevalent deep learning on quantum computers are becoming possible. Along with this trend, there emerge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Zhepeng Wang , Zhiding Liang , Shanglin Zhou , Caiwen Ding , Yiyu Shi , Weiwen Jiang

This paper focuses on the construction of a general parametric model that can be implemented executing multiple swap tests over few qubits and applying a suitable measurement protocol. The model turns out to be equivalent to a two-layer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Davide Pastorello , Enrico Blanzieri

We give a polynomial-time algorithm for learning neural networks with one layer of sigmoids feeding into any Lipschitz, monotone activation function (e.g., sigmoid or ReLU). We make no assumptions on the structure of the network, and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Surbhi Goel , Adam Klivans

Classical deep networks are effective because depth enables adaptive geometric deformation of data representations. In quantum neural networks (QNNs), however, depth or state reachability alone does not guarantee this feature-learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Vishal S. Ngairangbam , Michael Spannowsky

Neural networks have been proposed as efficient numerical wavefunction ansatze which can be used to variationally search a wide range of functional forms for ground state solutions. These neural network methods are also advantageous in that…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-09-13 Paulo F. Bedaque , Hersh Kumar , Andy Sheng

Quantum annealing is a heuristic quantum algorithm which exploits quantum resources to minimize an objective function embedded as the energy levels of a programmable physical system. To take advantage of a potential quantum advantage, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-18 Ryan Babbush , Vasil Denchev , Nan Ding , Sergei Isakov , Hartmut Neven

Incorporating nonlinearity into quantum machine learning is essential for learning a complicated input-output mapping. We here propose quantum algorithms for nonlinear regression, where nonlinearity is introduced with feature maps when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-30 Dan-Bo Zhang , Shi-Liang Zhu , Z. D. Wang

Quantification is a supervised learning task that consists in predicting, given a set of classes C and a set D of unlabelled items, the prevalence (or relative frequency) p(c|D) of each class c in C. Quantification can in principle be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Andrea Esuli , Alejandro Moreo Fernández , Fabrizio Sebastiani

Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have been recently proposed as generalizations of classical neural networks to achieve the quantum speed-up. Despite the potential to outperform classical models, serious bottlenecks exist for training QNNs;…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Kaining Zhang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Liu Liu , Dacheng Tao

Quantum machine learning, focusing on quantum neural networks (QNNs), remains a vastly uncharted field of study. Current QNN models primarily employ variational circuits on an ansatz or a quantum feature map, often requiring multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Utkarsh Singh , Aaron Z. Goldberg , Khabat Heshami

In this work, an analysis of the performance of different Variational Quantum Circuits is presented, investigating how it changes with respect to entanglement topology, adopted gates, and Quantum Machine Learning tasks to be performed. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Marco Mordacci , Michele Amoretti

Neural networks (NNs) whose subnetworks implement reusable functions are expected to offer numerous advantages, including compositionality through efficient recombination of functional building blocks, interpretability, preventing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Róbert Csordás , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Jürgen Schmidhuber