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Restarting a deterministic process always impedes its completion. However, it is known that restarting a random process can also lead to an opposite outcome -- expediting completion. Hence, the effect of restart is contingent on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-01 Iddo Eliazar , Shlomi Reuveni

Restart -- interrupting a stochastic process followed by a new start -- is known to improve the mean time to its completion, and the general conditions under which such an improvement is achieved are now well understood. Here, we explore…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-03-11 Sergey Belan

As has long been known to computer scientists, the performance of probabilistic algorithms characterized by relatively large runtime fluctuations can be improved by applying a restart, i.e., episodic interruption of a randomized…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-21 Dmitry Starkov , Sergey Belan

When applied to a stochastic process of interest, a restart protocol alters the overall statistical distribution of the process' completion time; thus, the completion-time's mean and randomness change. The explicit effect of restart on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-08 Iddo Eliazar , Shlomi Reuveni

Restart has the potential of expediting or impeding the completion times of general random processes. Consequently, the issue of mean-performance takes center stage: quantifying how the application of restart on a process of interest…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-08 Iddo Eliazar , Shlomi Reuveni

The mean completion time of a stochastic process may be rendered finite and minimised by a judiciously chosen restart protocol, which may either be stochastic or deterministic. Here we study analytically an arbitrary stochastic search…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-14 Kabir Husain , Sandeep Krishna

Optimization of a random processes by restart is a subject of active theoretical research in statistical physics and has long found practical application in computer science. Meanwhile, one of the key issues remains largely unsolved: when…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-04-23 Ilia Nikitin , Sergey Belan

Resetting has been shown to reduce the completion time for a stochastic process, such as the first passage time for a diffusive searcher to find a target. The time between two consecutive resetting events is drawn from a waiting time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-23 Martin R. Evans , Somrita Ray

Stochastic restart may drastically reduce the expected run time of a computer algorithm, expedite the completion of a complex search process, or increase the turnover rate of an enzymatic reaction. These diverse first-passage-time (FPT)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-30 Shlomi Reuveni

In this overview article we will consider the deliberate restarting of algorithms, a meta technique, in order to improve the algorithm's performance, e.g., convergence rates or approximation guarantees. One of the major advantages is that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-29 Sebastian Pokutta

Stochastic resetting has emerged as a useful strategy to reduce the completion time for a broad class of first passage processes. In the canonical setup, one intermittently resets a given system to its initial configuration only to start…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-28 Arup Biswas , Ashutosh Dubey , Anupam Kundu , Arnab Pal

Recently noticed ability of restart to reduce the expected completion time of first-passage processes allows appealing opportunities for performance improvement in a variety of settings. However, complex stochastic processes often exhibit…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-27 Sergey Belan

Resetting plays a pivotal role in optimizing the completion time of complex first passage processes with single or multiple outcomes/exit possibilities. While it is well established that the coefficient of variation -- a statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Suvam Pal , Leonardo Dagdug , Dibakar Ghosh , Denis Boyer , Arnab Pal

Sharpness is an almost generic assumption in continuous optimization that bounds the distance from minima by objective function suboptimality. It facilitates the acceleration of first-order methods through restarts. However, sharpness…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Ben Adcock , Matthew J. Colbrook , Maksym Neyra-Nesterenko

The {\L}ojasiewicz inequality shows that sharpness bounds on the minimum of convex optimization problems hold almost generically. Sharpness directly controls the performance of restart schemes, as observed by Nemirovsky and Nesterov (1985).…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Vincent Roulet , Alexandre d'Aspremont

Restart strategies are an important factor in the performance of conflict-driven Davis Putnam style SAT solvers. Selecting a good restart strategy for a problem instance can enhance the performance of a solver. Inspired by recent success…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-07-30 Shai Haim , Toby Walsh

Stochastic resetting, where a dynamical process is intermittently returned to a fixed reference state, has emerged as a powerful mechanism for optimizing first-passage properties. Existing theory largely treats static, non-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jello Zhou , Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn , David J. Schwab

We propose a universal framework to compute record age statistics of a stochastic time-series that undergoes random restarts. The proposed framework makes minimal assumptions on the underlying process and is furthermore suited to treat…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-28 Aanjaneya Kumar , Arnab Pal

Generative processes that involve solving differential equations, such as diffusion models, frequently necessitate balancing speed and quality. ODE-based samplers are fast but plateau in performance while SDE-based samplers deliver higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yilun Xu , Mingyang Deng , Xiang Cheng , Yonglong Tian , Ziming Liu , Tommi Jaakkola

Stochastic restarting is a strategy of starting anew. Incorporation of the resetting to the random walks can result in the decrease of the mean first passage time, due to the ability to limit unfavorably meandering, sub-optimal…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-08 Karol Capała , Bartłomiej Dybiec
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