Related papers: The Fornax 3D project: Non-linear colour-metallici…
We have derived ages and metallicities from co-added spectra of 131 globular clusters associated with the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4472. Based upon a calibration with Galactic globular clusters, we find that our sample of globular…
This paper presents deep high quality photometry of globular cluster (GC) systems belonging to five early-type galaxies covering a range of mass and environment. Photometric data were obtained with the Gemini North and Gemini South…
We present an unbiased method for evaluating the ranges of ages and metallicities which are allowed by the photometric properties of the stellar populations that dominate the light of early-type galaxies in clusters. The method is based on…
We have developed an homogeneous evolutionary scenario for H- and He-burning low-mass stars by computing updated stellar models for a wide metallicity and age range (0.0002$\le Z \le$0.004 and 9$\le t(Gyr) \le$15, respectively) suitable to…
The giant merger remnant galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A) is an ideal probe for studying the long-term effects of a past major merger on star cluster systems, given its spectroscopically derived merger age of ~3 Gyr which we reported in a recent…
We examine the luminosity and B-I color distribution of globular clusters for three early-type galaxies in the Fornax cluster using imaging data from the Wide Field/Planetary Camera 2 on the Hubble Space Telescope. The luminosity functions…
Globular clusters (GCs) are important tools to rebuild the accretion history of a galaxy. There are newly discovered GCs in the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy, that can be used as probes of the accretion event onto the Milky Way (MW). Our…
We have studied the Globular Cluster System of the merger galaxy NGC 1316 in Fornax, using CCD BVI photometry. A clear bimodality is not detected from the broadband colours. However, dividing the sample into red (presumably metal- rich) and…
Studies of nearby elliptical and S0 galaxies reveal that roughly half of the low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), which are luminous tracers of accreting neutron star or black hole systems, are in clusters. There is a surprising tendency of…
Spectra of galaxies contain an enormous amount of information about the relative mixture of ages and metallicities of constituent stars. We present a comprehensive study designed to extract the maximum information from spectra of data…
Metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) can provide a probe of the earliest epoch of star formation in the Universe, being the oldest stellar systems observable. In addition, young and intermediate-age low-metallicity GCs are present in external…
The metal content of clusters of galaxies and its relation to their stellar content is revisited making use of a cluster sample for which all four basic parameters are homogeneously measured within consistent radii, namely core-excised…
In the local Universe, globular clusters (GCs) with metallicities $[{\rm Fe}/{\rm H}]<-2.5$ are extremely rare. In this Letter, the close connection between GC formation and galaxy evolution is used to show that this GC metallicity `floor'…
Globular clusters (GCs) effectively produce dynamically-formed low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). Observers detect ~100 times more LMXBs per stellar mass in GCs compared to stars in the fields of galaxies. It has also been observationally…
Metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) are our local link to the earliest epochs of star formation and galaxy building. Studies of extragalactic GC systems using deep, high-quality imaging have revealed a small but significant slope to the…
In this paper, we examine the role that the colour-magnitude relation (CMR) can play in constraining the formation history of rich cluster galaxies. Firstly, we consider the colour evolution of galaxies after star formation ceases. We show…
Globular clusters in most large galaxies are a mixture of metal-poor and metal-rich (bimodal), but the halo stars are almost entirely metal-rich. This and other lines of evidence argue that the metal-poor globular clusters formed within…
Globular Clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way represent the ideal laboratory to establish the age of the oldest stellar populations and to measure the color-magnitude relation of stars. Infrared (IR) photometry of these objects provides a new…
The determination of stellar metallicity and its gradient in external galaxies is a difficult task, but crucial for the understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The color of the Red Giant Branch (RGB) can be used to determine…
Recent observations of globular clusters (GCs) suggest that elemental abundance variations may exist between first-generation (1G) stars. We propose that metal abundance ('metallicity') spreads within GC forming giant molecular clouds…