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The least action principle occupies a central part in contemporary physics. Yet, as far as classical field theory is concerned, it may not be as essential as generally thought. We show with three detailed examples of classical interacting…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-02-02 Jacob D. Bekenstein , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

It is shown that a nonrelativistic mechanical system involving a general nonrelativistic potential V(|r1-r2|) between point particles at positions r1 and r2 can be extended to a Lagrangian system which is invariant under Lorentz…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-10-03 Timothy H. Boyer

From a new perspective, this paper rederives Lagrange's equations. By applying the chain rule of differentiation, the intrinsic relationship between the momentum theorem and the kinetic energy theorem is first established. Subsequently,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Peng Shi

I discuss the physical basis of classical mechanics, such as expressed commonly using the framework of Newton's Principia. Newton's formulation of the laws of motion is seen to have quite a few ambiguities and shortcomings. Therefore I…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 J. W. van Holten

On the basis of the gauge principle of field theory, a new variational formulation is presented for flows of an ideal fluid. The fluid is defined thermodynamically by mass density and entropy density, and its flow fields are characterized…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tsutomu Kambe

Special relativity beyond its basic treatment can be inaccessible, in particular because introductory physics courses typically view special relativity as decontextualized from the rest of physics. We seek to place special relativity back…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Gerd Wagner , Matthew W. Guthrie

We study the Euler-Lagrange equation of the dynamical Boulatov model which is a simplicial model for 3d Euclidean quantum gravity augmented by a Laplace-Beltrami operator. We provide all its solutions on the space of left and right…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-10 Joseph Ben Geloun , Alexander Kegeles , Andreas G. A. Pithis

It is postulated in general relativity that the matter energy-momentum tensor (named the stress tensor) vanishes if and only if all the matter fields vanish. In classical lagrangian field theory the stres tensor is the variational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Leszek M. Sokolowski

The action principle is frequently used to derive the classical equations of motion. The action may also be used to associate group elements with curves in the space-time manifold, similar to the gauge transformations. The action principle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 S. R. Vatsya

We found Lagrangian action which describes spinning particle on the base of non-Grassmann vector and involves only one auxiliary variable. It provides the right number of physical degrees of freedom and yields generalization of the Frenkel…

General Physics · Physics 2014-10-14 Alexei A. Deriglazov

We review the development and practical uses of a generalized Maupertuis least action principle in classical mechanics, in which the action is varied under the constraint of fixed mean energy for the trial trajectory. The original…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. G. Gray , G. Karl , V. A. Novikov

The motion of a particle carried by a liquid is described by the differential equation equating the velocity of the particle at time t to the the Eulerian velocity field at time t and at the location of the particle at that time. Assuming…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-18 Moshe Schwartz

We establish a general relation between the canonical energy-momentum tensor of Lagrangian dynamics and the tensor that acts as the source of the gravitational field in Einstein's equations, and we show that there is a discrepancy between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-01 Hans C. Ohanian

We introduce an generalized action functional describing the equations of motion and the variational equations for any Lagrangian system. Using this novel scheme we are able to generalize Noether's theorem in such a way that to any…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 C. M. Arizmendi , J. Delgado , H. N. Núñez-Yépez , A. L. Salas-Brito

There exist several approaches that investigate the connectedness of spacetime events through solutions of the Lorentz force equation. These approaches separate into three categories, that consider different equations. We clarify the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Minguzzi

A formalism of classical mechanics is given for time-dependent many-body states of quantum mechanics, describing both fluid flow and point mass trajectories. The familiar equations of energy, motion, and those of Lagrangian mechanics are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 James P. Finley

We show that it is possible to obtain self-consistent and physically acceptable relativistic classical equations of motion for a point-like spin-half particle possessing an electric charge and a magnetic dipole moment, directly from a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 John P. Costella , Bruce H. J. McKellar

The study rederives the fundamental equations of fluid flow and examines the inherent relationship between momentum conservation and mechanical energy conservation. It is shown that the material derivative of velocity is to depict the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-12-07 Peng Shi

Considering two static, electrically charged, elementary particles, we demonstrate a possible way of proving that all known fundamental forces in the nature are the manifestations of the single, unique interaction. We re-define the gauging…

General Physics · Physics 2010-12-30 L. Neslusan

Using a generalized coordinate along with a proper invertible coordinate transformation, we show that the Euler-Lagrange equation used by Bagchi et al. 16 is in clear violation of the Hamilton's principle. We also show that Newton's…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-09-17 Omar Mustafa
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