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In this study, we focus on continuous emotion recognition using body motion and speech signals to estimate Activation, Valence, and Dominance (AVD) attributes. Semi-End-To-End network architecture is proposed where both extracted features…
Many deep learning-based speech enhancement algorithms are designed to minimize the mean-square error (MSE) in some transform domain between a predicted and a target speech signal. However, optimizing for MSE does not necessarily guarantee…
The mean squared error (MSE) is a ubiquitous loss function for speech enhancement, but its problem is that the error cannot reflect the auditory perception quality. This is because MSE causes models to over-emphasize low-frequency…
Speech emotion recognition is an important aspect of human-computer interaction. Prior work proposes various end-to-end models to improve the classification performance. However, most of them rely on the cross-entropy loss together with…
This paper illustrates the central role of loss functions in data-driven decision making, providing a comprehensive survey on their influence in cost-sensitive classification (CSC) and reinforcement learning (RL). We demonstrate how…
Loss functions are at the heart of deep learning, shaping how models learn and perform across diverse tasks. They are used to quantify the difference between predicted outputs and ground truth labels, guiding the optimization process to…
The loss function is a key component in deep learning models. A commonly used loss function for classification is the cross entropy loss, which is a simple yet effective application of information theory for classification problems. Based…
Automated emotion recognition in the wild from facial images remains a challenging problem. Although recent advances in Deep Learning have supposed a significant breakthrough in this topic, strong changes in pose, orientation and point of…
Causal machine-learning is about predicting the net-effect (true-lift) of treatments. Given the data of a treatment group and a control group, it is similar to a standard supervised-learning problem. Unfortunately, there is no similarly…
Speech emotion recognition (SER) has traditionally relied on categorical or dimensional labels. However, this technique is limited in representing both the diversity and interpretability of emotions. To overcome this limitation, we focus on…
This paper proposes a Residual Convolutional Neural Network (ResNet) based on speech features and trained under Focal Loss to recognize emotion in speech. Speech features such as Spectrogram and Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs)…
The ground truth used for training image, video, or speech quality prediction models is based on the Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) obtained from subjective experiments. Usually, it is necessary to conduct multiple experiments, mostly with…
In the field of Natural Language Processing, there are many tasks that can be tackled effectively using the cross-entropy (CE) loss function. However, the task of dialog generation poses unique challenges for CE loss. This is because CE…
In this paper the task of emotion recognition from speech is considered. Proposed approach uses deep recurrent neural network trained on a sequence of acoustic features calculated over small speech intervals. At the same time special…
For voice communication, it is important to extract the speech from its noisy version without introducing unnaturally artificial noise. By studying the subband mean-squared error (MSE) of the speech for unsupervised speech enhancement…
All machine learning algorithms use a loss, cost, utility or reward function to encode the learning objective and oversee the learning process. This function that supervises learning is a frequently unrecognized hyperparameter that…
Algorithms in machine learning and AI do critically depend on at least three key components: (i) the risk function, which is the expectation of the loss function, (ii) the function space, which is often called the hypothesis space, and…
In supervised machine learning, the choice of loss function implicitly assumes a particular noise distribution over the data. For example, the frequently used mean squared error (MSE) loss assumes a Gaussian noise distribution. The choice…
Deep learning technology has been widely applied to speech enhancement. While testing the effectiveness of various network structures, researchers are also exploring the improvement of the loss function used in network training. Although…
This study investigates fine-tuning self-supervised learn ing (SSL) models using multi-task learning (MTL) to enhance speech emotion recognition (SER). The framework simultane ously handles four related tasks: emotion recognition, gender…