Related papers: A Simultaneous Inference Procedure to Identify Sub…

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effect (HTE) for survival outcomes has gained increasing attention, as it captures the variation in treatment efficacy across patients or subgroups in delaying disease progression. However, most existing…

Identifying patient subgroups with different treatment responses is an important task to inform medical recommendations, guidelines, and the design of future clinical trials. Existing approaches for treatment effect estimation primarily…

Purpose: Disease progression of retinal atrophy associated with AMD requires the accurate quantification of the retinal atrophy changes on longitudinal OCT studies. It is based on finding, comparing, and delineating subtle atrophy changes…

By 2040, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) will affect approximately 288 million people worldwide. Identifying individuals at high risk of progression to late AMD, the sight-threatening stage, is critical for clinical actions,…

We propose a hybrid sequential deep learning model to predict the risk of AMD progression in non-exudative AMD eyes at multiple timepoints, starting from short-term progression (3-months) up to long-term progression (21-months). Proposed…

Predicting future disease progression risk from medical images is challenging due to patient heterogeneity, and subtle or unknown imaging biomarkers. Moreover, deep learning (DL) methods for survival analysis are susceptible to image domain…

Observational studies provide the only evidence on the effectiveness of interventions when randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are impractical due to cost, ethical concerns, or time constraints. While many methodologies aim to draw causal…

When treating depression, clinicians are interested in determining the optimal treatment for a given patient, which is challenging given the amount of treatments available. To advance individualized treatment allocation, integrating data…

Heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) are commonly identified during randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Identifying subgroups of patients with similar treatment effects is of high interest in clinical research to advance precision…

Early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is crucial as it allows for timely intervention, preventing vision loss and enabling effective management of diabetic complications. This research performs detection of DR and DME at an early…

Deep learning has potential to automate screening, monitoring and grading of disease in medical images. Pretraining with contrastive learning enables models to extract robust and generalisable features from natural image datasets,…

Deep Ensemble Convolutional Neural Networks has become a methodology of choice for analyzing medical images with a diagnostic performance comparable to a physician, including the diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy. However, commonly used…

In the complex realm of cognitive disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most prevalent dementia types, presenting entangled symptoms yet requiring distinct treatment approaches. The crux of effective…

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition responsible for most cases of dementia and considered as one of the greatest challenges for neuroscience in this century. Early Ad signs are usually mistaken for normal…

Purpose: To validate the performance of a commercially-available, CE-certified deep learning (DL) system, RetCAD v.1.3.0 (Thirona, Nijmegen, The Netherlands), for the joint automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related…

An individualized treatment rule (ITR) tailors treatments to a patient's specific characteristics. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often underpowered to detect the treatment effect heterogeneity needed for reliable ITR…

Timely disease diagnosis is challenging due to increasing disease burdens and limited clinician availability. AI shows promise in diagnosis accuracy but faces real-world application issues due to insufficient validation in clinical…

In recent years, the focus is on improving the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using machine learning and deep learning technologies. Researchers have explored various approaches, including the use of high-definition medical imaging,…

Background and Objectives: Multidrug Resistance (MDR) is a critical global health issue, causing increased hospital stays, healthcare costs, and mortality. This study proposes an interpretable Machine Learning (ML) framework for MDR…

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the non-invasive and easy-to-acquire biomarkers (the thickness of the retinal layers, which is detectable within OCT scans) being investigated to diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD). This work aims…