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Image anomaly detection consists in finding images with anomalous, unusual patterns with respect to a set of normal data. Anomaly detection can be applied to several fields and has numerous practical applications, e.g. in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Claudio Piciarelli , Pankaj Mishra , Gian Luca Foresti

Malicious software is an integral part of cybercrime defense. Due to the growing number of malicious attacks and their target sources, detecting and preventing the attack becomes more challenging due to the assault's changing behavior. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Mohammad Aziz , Ali Saeed Alfoudi

Caesar cipher is an ancient, elementary method of encrypting plain text message to protect it from adversaries. However, with the advent of powerful computers there is a need for increasing the complexity of such algorithms. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-01-20 Atish Jain , Ronak Dedhia , Abhijit Patil

Anomaly detection is facing with emerging challenges in many important industry domains, such as cyber security and online recommendation and advertising. The recent trend in these areas calls for anomaly detection on time-evolving data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Zheng Gao , Lin Guo , Chi Ma , Xiao Ma , Kai Sun , Hang Xiang , Xiaoqiang Zhu , Hongsong Li , Xiaozhong Liu

Smart grid data can be evaluated for anomaly detection in numerous fields, including cyber-security, fault detection, electricity theft, etc. The strange anomalous behaviors may have been caused by various reasons, including peculiar…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Shampa Banik , Sohag Kumar Saha , Trapa Banik , S M Mostaq Hossain

Bi-clustering is a useful approach in analyzing biological data when observations come from heterogeneous groups and have a large number of features. We outline a general Bayesian approach in tackling bi-clustering problems in moderate to…

Applications · Statistics 2021-02-11 Han Yan , Jiexing Wu , Yang Li , Jun S. Liu

Bayesian optimization is a powerful tool for fine-tuning the hyper-parameters of a wide variety of machine learning models. The success of machine learning has led practitioners in diverse real-world settings to learn classifiers for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-02-24 Matt J. Kusner , Jacob R. Gardner , Roman Garnett , Kilian Q. Weinberger

With the growing complexity of cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructures such as water treatment networks, there is a pressing need for robust anomaly detection strategies that account for both system vulnerabilities and evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Haoyue Bai , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

In general, anomaly detection is the problem of distinguishing between normal data samples with well defined patterns or signatures and those that do not conform to the expected profiles. Financial transactions, customer reviews, social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Paul Irofti , Andrei Patrascu , Andra Baltoiu

Cybercrime is one of the major digital threats of this century. In particular, ransomware attacks have significantly increased, resulting in global damage costs of tens of billion dollars. In this paper, we train and test different Machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Benjamin Marais , Tony Quertier , Stéphane Morucci

Fine-grained time series data are crucial for accurate and timely online change detection. While both collective anomalies and change points can coexist in such data, their joint online detection has received limited attention. In this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-11 Xian Chen , Weichi Wu

Cybersecurity attacks are a major and increasing burden to economic and social systems globally. Here we analyze the principles of security in different domains and demonstrate an architectural flaw in current cybersecurity. Cybersecurity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-03-13 Blake C. Stacey , Yaneer Bar-Yam

Visual anomaly detection is an important and challenging problem in the field of machine learning and computer vision. This problem has attracted a considerable amount of attention in relevant research communities. Especially in recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Jie Yang , Ruijie Xu , Zhiquan Qi , Yong Shi

This paper addresses the problem of detecting anomalous activity in traffic networks where the network is not directly observed. Given knowledge of what the node-to-node traffic in a network should be, any activity that differs…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-20 Elizabeth Hou , Yasin Yilmaz , Alfred Hero

The alarming rise in the quantity of malware in the last few years poses a serious challenge to the security community and requires urgent response. However, current countermeasures seem to be no longer effective. Thus, it is our belief…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-20 Elzbieta Rzeszutko , Wojciech Mazurczyk

Anomaly Detection is a relevant problem in numerous real-world applications, especially when dealing with images. However, little attention has been paid to the issue of changes over time in the input data distribution, which may cause a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Nikola Bugarin , Jovana Bugaric , Manuel Barusco , Davide Dalle Pezze , Gian Antonio Susto

Deep Learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, i.e.\ images obtained via deliberate imperceptible perturbations, such that the model misclassifies them with high confidence. However, class confidence by itself is an incomplete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-23 Ambrish Rawat , Martin Wistuba , Maria-Irina Nicolae

Detection of abnormal BGP events is of great importance to preserve the security and robustness of the Internet inter-domain routing system. In this paper, we propose an anomaly detection framework based on machine learning techniques to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-08-14 Anisa Allahdadi , Ricardo Morla , Rui Prior

The vulnerability of machine learning models to adversarial attacks remains a critical security challenge. Traditional defenses, such as adversarial training, typically robustify models by minimizing a worst-case loss. However, these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-13 Pablo G. Arce , Roi Naveiro , David Ríos Insua

In the past two decades, most research on anomaly detection has focused on improving the accuracy of the detection, while largely ignoring the explainability of the corresponding methods and thus leaving the explanation of outcomes to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Zhong Li , Yuxuan Zhu , Matthijs van Leeuwen