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Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are now an integral part of multiple industries. In clinical research, AI supports automated adverse event detection in clinical trials, patient eligibility screening for protocol enrollment, and data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Laxmiraju Kandikatla , Branislav Radeljic

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers incredible possibilities for patient care, but raises significant ethical issues, such as the potential for bias. Powerful ethical frameworks exist to minimize these issues, but are often developed for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ion Nemteanu , Adir Mancebo , Leslie Joe , Ryan Lopez , Patricia Lopez , Warren Woodrich Pettine

In the past decade, the deployment of deep learning (Artificial Intelligence (AI)) methods has become pervasive across a spectrum of real-world applications, often in safety-critical contexts. This comprehensive research article rigorously…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Sidra Nasir , Rizwan Ahmed Khan , Samita Bai

We find ourselves on the ever-shifting cusp of an AI revolution -- with potentially metamorphic implications for the future practice of healthcare. For many, such innovations cannot come quickly enough; as healthcare systems worldwide…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Kevin Doherty , Emma Kallina , Kayley Moylan , María Paula Silva , Sajjad Karimian , Shivam Shumsher , Rob Brennan

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have created a general perception that AI could be used to solve complex problems, and in some situations over-hyped as a tool that can be so easily used. Unfortunately,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Jinyang Gao , Wei Wang , Meihui Zhang , Gang Chen , H. V. Jagadish , Guoliang Li , Teck Khim Ng , Beng Chin Ooi , Sheng Wang , Jingren Zhou

In the ever-expanding landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), where innovation thrives and new products and services are continuously being delivered, ensuring that AI systems are designed and developed responsibly throughout their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Maria Teresa Baldassarre , Domenico Gigante , Marcos Kalinowski , Azzurra Ragone

Objectives: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare promises to revolutionize patient care, diagnostics, and treatment protocols. Collaborative efforts among healthcare systems, research institutions, and industry are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiancheng Ye , Michelle Ma , Malak Abuhashish

The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) combined with the extensive amount of data generated by today's clinical systems, has led to the development of imaging AI solutions across the whole value chain of medical imaging,…

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has enabled the deployment of various systems based on it. However, many current AI systems are found vulnerable to imperceptible attacks, biased against underrepresented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Bo Li , Peng Qi , Bo Liu , Shuai Di , Jingen Liu , Jiquan Pei , Jinfeng Yi , Bowen Zhou

The significant increase in the number of individuals with chronic ailments (including the elderly and disabled) has dictated an urgent need for an innovative model for healthcare systems. The evolved model will be more personalized and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Mahmoud Nasr , MD. Milon Islam , Shady Shehata , Fakhri Karray , Yuri Quintana

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly of tremendous interest in the medical field. However, failures of medical AI could have serious consequences for both clinical outcomes and the patient experience. These consequences could erode…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Thomas P. Quinn , Manisha Senadeera , Stephan Jacobs , Simon Coghlan , Vuong Le

Healthcare systems worldwide face persistent challenges in efficiency, accessibility, and personalization. Powered by modern AI technologies such as multimodal large language models and world models, Embodied AI (EmAI) represents a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yihao Liu , Xu Cao , Tingting Chen , Yankai Jiang , Junjie You , Minghua Wu , Xiaosong Wang , Mengling Feng , Yaochu Jin , Jintai Chen

AI is transforming the healthcare domain and is increasingly helping practitioners to make health-related decisions. Therefore, accountability becomes a crucial concern for critical AI-driven decisions. Although regulatory bodies, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Prachi Bagave , Marcus Westberg , Marijn Janssen , Aaron Yi Ding

AI models are increasingly deployed in live clinical environments where they must perform reliably across complex, high-stakes workflows that standard training and validation datasets were never designed to capture. Evaluating these systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Prasanna Desikan , Harshit Rajgarhia , Shivali Dalmia , Ananya Mantravadi

Recent significant increases in affordable and accessible computational power and data storage have enabled machine learning to provide almost unbelievable classification and prediction performances compared to well-trained humans. There…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Gari D. Clifford

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk, decision-making scenarios presents technical, safety, and normative challenges; problems that may only be ameliorated by human oversight. However, notions of human oversight lack a…

In the future, most companies will be confronted with the topic of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and will have to decide on their strategy in this regards. Currently, a lot of companies are thinking about whether and how AI and the usage of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Jens Heidrich , Andreas Jedlitschka , Adam Trendowicz , Anna Maria Vollmer

Clinical trials are pivotal for developing new medical treatments but typically carry risks such as patient mortality and enrollment failure that waste immense efforts spanning over a decade. Applying artificial intelligence (AI) to predict…

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds great promise for transforming healthcare. However, despite significant advances, the integration of AI solutions into real-world clinical practice remains limited. A major barrier is the quality and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Anna Arias-Duart , Maria Eugenia Cardello , Atia Cortés

The ethical integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare necessitates addressing fairness-a concept that is highly context-specific across medical fields. Extensive studies have been conducted to expand the technical components…