Related papers: Dichotomy between Deterministic and Probabilistic …
We provide finite-sample distribution approximations, that are uniform in the parameter, for inference in linear mixed models. Focus is on variances and covariances of random effects in cases where existing theory fails because their…
The Standard Model of particle physics may seem complicated and arbitrary, but it has hidden patterns that are revealed by the relationship between three "grand unified theories": theories that unify forces and particles by extending the…
We consider finite relational signatures $\tau \subseteq \sigma$, a sequence of finite base $\tau$-structures $(\mathcal{B}_n : n \in \mathbb{N})$ the cardinalities of which tend to infinity and such that, for some number $\Delta$, the…
In the operational approach to general probabilistic theories one distinguishes two spaces, the state space of the "elementary systems" and the physical space in which "laboratory devices" are embedded. Each of those spaces has its own…
According to Davey et al. (2011) with a total of 22,453 meta-analyses from the January 2008 Issue of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the median number of studies included in each meta-analysis is only three. In other words,…
We present a categorical viewpoint of probability measures by showing that a probability measure can be viewed as a weakly averaging affine measurable functional taking values in the unit interval which preserves limits. The probability…
We first show that the convex effect algebras (CEA) approach to quantum mechanics is more general than the general probabilistic theories approach. We then restrict our attention to finite-dimension CEA's. After an introductory Section~1,…
The disjunction effect in human decision making is often taken to show that the classical law of total probability is violated, motivating quantum-like models. We re-examine this claim for the Prisoner's Dilemma disjunction effect. Under…
Scott continuity is a concept from domain theory that had an unexpected previous life in the theory of von Neumann algebras. Scott-continuous states are known as normal states, and normal states are exactly the states coming from density…
We consider an ensemble of $2\times 2$ normal matrices with complex entries representing operators in the quantum mechanics of 2 - level parity-time reversal (PT) symmetric systems. The randomness of the ensemble is endowed by obtaining…
For chaotic systems there is a theory for the decay of the survival probability, and for the parametric dependence of the local density of states. This theory leads to the distinction between "perturbative" and "non-perturbative" regimes,…
Decision theories offer principled methods for making choices under various types of uncertainty. Algorithms that implement these theories have been successfully applied to a wide range of real-world problems, including materials and drug…
The result of performing integrations over connection type variables in the path integral for the discrete field theory may be poorly defined in the case of non-compact gauge group with the Haar measure exponentially growing in some…
Unitary quantum theory, having no Born Rule, is non-probabilistic. Hence the notorious problem of reconciling it with the unpredictability and appearance of stochasticity in quantum measurements. Generalising and improving upon the…
Our conventional system of physical units is based on local or microscopic {\it dimensional} quantities which are {\it defined}, for convenience or otherwise aesthetic reasons, to be spacetime-independent. A more general choice of units may…
A basic postulate of modern compositional approaches to generalised physical theories is the generalised Born rule, in which probabilities are postulated to be computable from the composition of states and effects. In this paper we consider…
In this paper we consider perturbation theory in generic two-dimensional sigma models in the so-called first-order formalism, using the coordinate regularization approach. Our goal is to analyze the first-order formalism in application to…
An overview of unified theory models that extend the standard model is given. A scenario describing the physics beyond the standard model is developed based on a finite quantum field theory (FQFT) and the group G=$SO(3,1)\otimes…
An enumerative invariant theory in Algebraic Geometry, Differential Geometry, or Representation Theory, is the study of invariants which 'count' $\tau$-(semi)stable objects $E$ with fixed topological invariants $[E]=\alpha$ in some…
In the quest to give a formal compositional semantics to natural languages, semanticists have started turning their attention to phenomena that have been also considered as parts of pragmatics (e.g., discourse anaphora and presupposition…