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Centralization enhances the efficiency of Artificial Intelligence (AI) but also introduces critical challenges, including single points of failure, inherent biases, data privacy risks, and scalability limitations. To address these issues,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Elizabeth Lui , Rui Sun , Vatsal Shah , Xihan Xiong , Jiahao Sun , Davide Crapis , William Knottenbelt , Zhipeng Wang

Limited access to computing resources and training data poses significant challenges for individuals and groups aiming to train and utilize predictive machine learning models. Although numerous publicly available machine learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Matthew T. Pisano , Connor J. Patterson , Oshani Seneviratne

Security and privacy in Direct Load Control (DLC) is a fundamental challenge in smart grids. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based framework to increase security and privacy of DLC. We propose a method whereby participating nodes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Ali Dorri , Fengji Luo , Salil S Kanhere , Raja Jurdak , Zhao Yang Dong

Opening up data produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile devices for public utilization can maximize their economic value. Challenges remain in the trustworthiness of the data sources and the security of the trading process,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yue Li , Ifteher Alom , Wenhai Sun , Yang Xiao

Recently, cybersecurity becomes more and more important due to the rapid development of Internet. However, existing methods are in reality highly sensitive to attacks and are far more vulnerable than expected, as they are lack of trustable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Yu Han , Zhongru Wang , Qiang Ruan , Binxing Fang

Blockchains are among the most powerful technologies to realize decentralized information systems. In order to safely enjoy all guarantees provided by a blockchain, one should maintain a full node, therefore maintaining an updated local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Stefano De Angelis , Ivan Visconti , Andrea Vitaletti , Marco Zecchini

Blockchain technology ensures secure and trustworthy data flow between multiple participants on the chain, but interoperability of on-chain and off-chain data has always been a difficult problem that needs to be solved. To solve the problem…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Xueying Zeng , Youquan Xian , Chunpei Li , Zhengdong Hu , Aoxiang Zhou , Peng Liu

With the rapid growth of hyperconnected devices and decentralized data architectures, safeguarding Internet of Things (IoT) transactions is becoming increasingly challenging. Blockchain presents a promising solution, yet its effectiveness…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Sokratis Vavilis , Harris Niavis , Konstantinos Loupos

The communication protocols and data transfer mechanisms employed by IoT devices in smart buildings and corresponding digital twin systems predominantly rely on centralized architectures. Such centralized systems are vulnerable to single…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Reachsak Ly , Alireza Shojaei

As an append-only distributed database, blockchain is utilized in a vast variety of applications including the cryptocurrency and Internet-of-Things (IoT). The existing blockchain solutions show downsides in communication and storage…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Yahya Hassanzadeh-Nazarabadi , Alptekin Küpçü , Öznur Özkasap

The rapid advancement of ML models in critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and security has intensified the need for robust data security, model integrity, and reliable outputs. Large multimodal foundational models, while crucial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Hongyang Zhang , Yue Zhao , Claudio Angione , Harry Yang , James Buban , Ahmad Farhan , Fielding Johnston , Patrick Colangelo

The scalability limitations of public blockchains have hindered their widespread adoption in real-world applications. While the Ethereum community is pushing forward in zk-rollup (zero-knowledge rollup) solutions, such as introducing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Chengpeng Huang , Rui Song , Shang Gao , Yu Guo , Bin Xiao

Deepfake technology is a major threat to the integrity of digital media. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for a blockchain-based decentralized system designed to tackle the escalating challenge of digital content integrity. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Dipankar Sarkar

In the age of Big Data, enabling task scheduling while protecting users' privacy is critical for various decentralized applications in blockchain-based smart contract platforms. Such a privacy-preserving task scheduler requires the task…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Chao Li , Balaji Palanisamy

Centralized social networks have experienced a transformative impact on our digital era communication, connection, and information-sharing information. However, it has also raised significant concerns regarding users' privacy and individual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Quang Cao , Katerina Vgena , Aikaterini-Georgia Mavroeidi , Christos Kalloniatis , Xun Yi , Son Hoang Dau

Electronic government (e-government) uses information and communication technologies to deliver public services to individuals and organisations effectively, efficiently and transparently. E-government is one of the most complex systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Noe Elisa , Longzhi Yang , Fei Chao , Yi Cao

In this paper, we develop BlockMarkchain, as a secure data market place, where individual data sellers can exchange certified data with buyers, in a secure environment, without any mutual trust among the parties, and without trusting on a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Hamidreza Ehteram , Mohammad Taha Toghani , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

On-chain crowdsourcing leverages blockchain's decentralization, transparency, and tamper-resistance to build trustworthy and verifiable Web3 crowdsourced services. However, existing decentralized reputation frameworks do not reconcile…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mouhamed Amine Bouchiha , Mourad Rabah , Ronan Champagnat , Abdelaziz Amara Korba , Yacine Ghamri-Doudane

Improving transaction throughput is one of the main challenges in decentralized payment systems. Attempts to improve transaction throughput in cryptocurrencies are usually a trade-off between throughput and security or introduce a central…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Rowel Gündlach , Jaap-Henk Hoepman , Remco van der Hofstad , Tommy Koens , Stijn Meijer

Data sharing has become of primary importance in many domains such as big-data analytics, economics and medical research, but remains difficult to achieve when the data are sensitive. In fact, sharing personal information requires…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-28 David Froelicher , Juan R. Troncoso-Pastoriza , Joao Sa Sousa , Jean-Pierre Hubaux