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Multi-legged robots offer enhanced stability to navigate complex terrains with their multiple legs interacting with the environment. However, how to effectively coordinate the multiple legs in a larger action exploration space to generate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xin Liu , Jinze Wu , Yinghui Li , Chenkun Qi , Yufei Xue , Feng Gao

Recurrent neural network-based reinforcement learning systems are capable of complex motor control tasks such as locomotion and manipulation, however, much of their underlying mechanisms still remain difficult to interpret. Our aim is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Eugene R. Rush , Christoffer Heckman , Kaushik Jayaram , J. Sean Humbert

Humans excel at robust bipedal walking in complex natural environments. In each step, they adequately tune the interaction of biomechanical muscle dynamics and neuronal signals to be robust against uncertainties in ground conditions.…

Quadruped robots have shown remarkable mobility on various terrains through reinforcement learning. Yet, in the presence of sparse footholds and risky terrains such as stepping stones and balance beams, which require precise foot placement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Chong Zhang , Nikita Rudin , David Hoeller , Marco Hutter

Recently reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for quadrupedal locomotion, which can save the manual effort in conventional approaches such as designing skill-specific controllers. However, due to the complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Haojie Shi , Bo Zhou , Hongsheng Zeng , Fan Wang , Yueqiang Dong , Jiangyong Li , Kang Wang , Hao Tian , Max Q. -H. Meng

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (RL) based techniques combined with training in simulation have offered a new approach to developing robust controllers for legged robots. However, the application of such approaches to real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Rohan Pratap Singh , Zhaoming Xie , Pierre Gergondet , Fumio Kanehiro

Neuromorphic computing systems are set to revolutionize energy-constrained robotics by achieving orders-of-magnitude efficiency gains, while enabling native temporal processing. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Korneel Van den Berghe , Stein Stroobants , Vijay Janapa Reddi , G. C. H. E. de Croon

Legged robots navigating crowded scenes and complex terrains in the real world are required to execute dynamic leg movements while processing visual input for obstacle avoidance and path planning. We show that a quadruped robot can acquire…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Deepali Jain , Atil Iscen , Ken Caluwaerts

Developing robust walking controllers for bipedal robots is a challenging endeavor. Traditional model-based locomotion controllers require simplifying assumptions and careful modelling; any small errors can result in unstable control. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Zhongyu Li , Xuxin Cheng , Xue Bin Peng , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Glen Berseth , Koushil Sreenath

Neuromorphic computing has recently gained momentum with the emergence of various neuromorphic processors. As the field advances, there is an increasing focus on developing training methods that can effectively leverage the unique…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sanaz Mahmoodi Takaghaj , Jack Sampson

Bipedal humanoid robots must precisely coordinate balance, timing, and contact decisions when locomoting on constrained footholds such as stepping stones, beams, and planks -- even minor errors can lead to catastrophic failure. Classical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Min Dai , William D. Compton , Junheng Li , Lizhi Yang , Aaron D. Ames

Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) are biological neural circuits capable of producing coordinated rhythmic outputs in the absence of rhythmic input. As a result, they are responsible for most rhythmic motion in living organisms. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Vincent Liu , Ademi Adeniji , Nathaniel Lee , Jason Zhao , Mario Srouji

This paper introduces a new wheel-legged robot and develops motion controllers based on central pattern generators (CPGs) for the robot to navigate over a range of terrains. A transformable leg-wheel design is considered and characterized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Tyler Bishop , Keran Ye , Konstantinos Karydis

In recent years, quadruped robotics has advanced significantly, particularly in perception and motion control via reinforcement learning, enabling complex motions in challenging environments. Visual sensors like depth cameras enhance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Qiang Zhang , Jiahang Cao , Jingkai Sun , Yecheng Shao , Gang Han , Wen Zhao , Yijie Guo , Renjing Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated impressive performance in legged locomotion over various challenging environments. However, due to the sim-to-real gap and lack of explainability, unconstrained RL policies deployed in the real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoyu Wang , Ruyi Zhou , Liang Ding , Tie Liu , Zhelin Zhang , Peng Xu , Haibo Gao , Zongquan Deng

Bio-inspired control of motion is an active field of research with many applications in real world tasks. In the case of robotic systems that need to exhibit oscillatory behaviour (i.e. locomotion of snake-type or legged robots), Central…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Carlos Garcia-Saura

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) support asynchronous event-driven computation, massive parallelism and demonstrate great potential to improve the energy efficiency of its synchronous analog counterpart. However, insufficient attention…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Jibin Wu , Yansong Chua , Malu Zhang , Qu Yang , Guoqi Li , Haizhou Li

Recently, reinforcement learning has become a promising and polular solution for robot legged locomotion. Compared to model-based control, reinforcement learning based controllers can achieve better robustness against uncertainties of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yikai Wang , Zheyuan Jiang , Jianyu Chen

Learning to locomote to arbitrary goals on hardware remains a challenging problem for reinforcement learning. In this paper, we present a hierarchical learning framework that improves sample-efficiency and generalizability of locomotion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Tianyu Li , Nathan Lambert , Roberto Calandra , Franziska Meier , Akshara Rai

This paper addresses the challenge of terrain-adaptive dynamic locomotion in humanoid robots, a problem traditionally tackled by optimization-based methods or reinforcement learning (RL). Optimization-based methods, such as model-predictive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Shangqun Yu , Nisal Perera , Daniel Marew , Donghyun Kim