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Information plane (IP) analysis has been suggested to study the training dynamics of deep neural networks through mutual information (MI) between inputs, representations, and targets. However, its statistical validity is often compromised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Maximilian Nothnagel , Bernhard C. Geiger

In a feedforward network, Transfer Entropy (TE) can be used to measure the influence that one layer has on another by quantifying the information transfer between them during training. According to the Information Bottleneck principle, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Adrian Moldovan , Angel Cataron , Razvan Andonie

Despite their great success, there is still no comprehensive theoretical understanding of learning with Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) or their inner organization. Previous work proposed to analyze DNNs in the \textit{Information Plane}; i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Naftali Tishby

To improve how neural networks function it is crucial to understand their learning process. The information bottleneck theory of deep learning proposes that neural networks achieve good generalization by compressing their representations to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Ivan Chelombiev , Conor Houghton , Cian O'Donnell

The information plane (Tishby et al. arXiv:physics/0004057, Shwartz-Ziv et al. arXiv:1703.00810) has been proposed as an analytical tool for studying the learning dynamics of neural networks. It provides quantitative insight on how the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-05 Nathan Haboury , Mo Kordzanganeh , Alexey Melnikov , Pavel Sekatski

The information bottleneck (IB) principle has been suggested as a way to analyze deep neural networks. The learning dynamics are studied by inspecting the mutual information (MI) between the hidden layers and the input and output. Notably,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Stephan Sloth Lorenzen , Christian Igel , Mads Nielsen

The training dynamics of hidden layers in deep learning are poorly understood in theory. Recently, the Information Plane (IP) was proposed to analyze them, which is based on the information-theoretic concept of mutual information (MI). The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Nicolás I. Tapia , Pablo A. Estévez

We study the flow of information and the evolution of internal representations during deep neural network (DNN) training, aiming to demystify the compression aspect of the information bottleneck theory. The theory suggests that DNN training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Ziv Goldfeld , Ewout van den Berg , Kristjan Greenewald , Igor Melnyk , Nam Nguyen , Brian Kingsbury , Yury Polyanskiy

This paper considers the subject of information losses arising from the finite datasets used in the training of neural classifiers. It proves a relationship between such losses as the product of the expected total variation of the estimated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Brandon Foggo , Nanpeng Yu , Jie Shi , Yuanqi Gao

Deep neural networks excel in supervised learning tasks but are constrained by the need for extensive labeled data. Self-supervised learning emerges as a promising alternative, allowing models to learn without explicit labels. Information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Yann LeCun

Recent years, many researches attempt to open the black box of deep neural networks and propose a various of theories to understand it. Among them, Information Bottleneck (IB) theory claims that there are two distinct phases consisting of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-22 Junjie Li , Ding Liu

The Information Plane is a conceptual framework used to analyze the flow of information in neural networks, but traditional methods based on activations may not fully capture the dynamics of information processing. This paper introduces a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Jaouad Dabounou , Amine Baazzouz

The outstanding performance of deep learning in various fields has been a fundamental query, which can be potentially examined using information theory that interprets the learning process as the transmission and compression of information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Sungyeop Lee , Junghyo Jo

Neural networks can be compressed to reduce memory and computational requirements, or to increase accuracy by facilitating the use of a larger base architecture. In this paper we focus on pruning individual neurons, which can simultaneously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Bin Dai , Chen Zhu , David Wipf

The Information Bottleneck (IB) principle offers an information-theoretic framework for analyzing the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). Its essence lies in tracking the dynamics of two mutual information (MI) values: between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Ivan Butakov , Alexander Tolmachev , Sofia Malanchuk , Anna Neopryatnaya , Alexey Frolov , Kirill Andreev

The information bottleneck principle (Shwartz-Ziv & Tishby, 2017) suggests that SGD-based training of deep neural networks results in optimally compressed hidden layers, from an information theoretic perspective. However, this claim was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Luke Nicholas Darlow , Amos Storkey

The information-theoretic framework promises to explain the predictive power of neural networks. In particular, the information plane analysis, which measures mutual information (MI) between input and representation as well as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Linara Adilova , Bernhard C. Geiger , Asja Fischer

The presence of symmetries imposes a stringent set of constraints on a system. This constrained structure allows intelligent agents interacting with such a system to drastically improve the efficiency of learning and generalization, through…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hippolyte Charvin , Nicola Catenacci Volpi , Daniel Polani

Despite their great success in practical applications, there is still a lack of theoretical and systematic methods to analyze deep neural networks. In this paper, we illustrate an advanced information theoretic methodology to understand the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Shujian Yu , Jose C. Principe

The learning dynamics of deep neural networks are subject to controversy. Using the information bottleneck (IB) theory separate fitting and compression phases have been put forward but have since been heavily debated. We approach learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Johannes Schneider
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