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We describe a detector of alpha particles based on wire type counters (single-wire and multiwire) operating in ambient air at high gas gains (100-1000). The main advantages of these detectors are: low cost, robustness and ability to operate…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2010-06-08 G. Charpak , P. Benaben , P. Breuil , E. Nappi , P. Martinengo , V. Peskov

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a facility designed for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The Observatory combines two different types of detectors: a surface array of 1600 water Cherenkov stations placed on a 1.5 km triangular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Petr Necesal

Recent findings by the LHAASO experiment are opening a new window, that of the PeV sky, to the observation of the electromagnetic spectrum. Several astronomical objects emitting gamma-rays at energies well above 100 TeV have been observed…

The Pierre Auger Observatory has the capability to identify neutrino-induced extensive air showers above $10^{17}$ eV by using its large Surface Detector (SD) array. Data from the Observatory have been used to set some of the most stringent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-25 Srijan Sehgal

Neutrinos of astrophysical origin could be detected through the electromagnetic radiation of the particle showers induced in the atmosphere by their interaction in the Earth. This applies in particular for tau neutrinos of energies…

The composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is still poorly known and constitutes a very important topic in the field of high-energy astrophysics. Detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is carried out via the extensive air showers…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-23 F. Gaté , B. Revenu , D. García-Fernández , V. Marin , R. Dallier , A. Escudié , L. Martin

The cosmic ray spectrum extends to energies above 10^20 eV. In direct production or acceleration models, as well as by photo-pion interaction high energy cosmic ray flux must contain neutrinos and photons. The latter are absorbed by cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Iori , A. Sergi , D. Fargion , M. Gallinaro , M. Kaya

Astroparticles offer a new path for research in the field of particle physics, allowing investigations at energies above those accesible with accelerators. Ultra-high energy cosmic rays can be studied via the observation of the showers they…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-21 Analisa Mariazzi

This paper presents the highlights from the recent measurements of the energy spectrum, mass composition, and arrival directions of the ultra-high energy ($> 10^{17}$ eV = 0.1 EeV) cosmic rays (UHECR) by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Serguei Vorobiov

We present a new method to detect meteor showers using the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise algorithm (DBSCAN; Ester et al. 1996). DBSCAN is a modern cluster detection algorithm that is well suited to the problem…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Glenn Sugar , Althea Moorhead , Peter Brown , Bill Cooke

The collection of a statistically significant number detected of cosmic rays with energy above $10^{17}$ to $10^{18}$ eV requires widely-spaced particle detectors at the ground level to detect the extensive air showers induced in the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-01-11 Alan Coleman , Pierre Billoir , Oliver Deligny

Radio detection is now an established technique for the study of ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays with energies above $\sim10^{17}$ eV. The next-generation of radio experiments aims to extend this technique to the observation of UHE…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-14 Marion Guelfand , Valentin Decoene , Olivier Martineau-Huynh , Simon Prunet , Matías Tueros , Oscar Macias , Aurélien Benoit-Lévy

Simulating showers of particles in highly-granular calorimeters is a key frontier in the application of machine learning to particle physics. Achieving high accuracy and speed with generative machine learning models can enable them to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 Thorsten Buss , Frank Gaede , Gregor Kasieczka , Anatolii Korol , Katja Krüger , Peter McKeown , Martina Mozzanica

An air shower array of seven plastic scintillation detectors has been built and commissioned at an altitude of 2200 meter above sea level in the Eastern Himalayas (Darjeeling). Continuous measurement of shower rate using this array is going…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-07-24 S. Roy , S. Chakraborty , S. Chatterjee , S. Biswas , S. Das , S. K. Ghosh , A. Maulik , S. Raha

Air shower simulations are essential for interpreting data from cosmic ray experiments. At highest energies though, a microscopic treatment of a whole shower is not possible any more, since it would require a huge amount of CPU-time. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 H. J. Drescher

A shower array exploiting the full coverage approach with a high segmentation of the readout allow to image the front of atmospheric showers with unprecedented resolution and detail. The grid distance determines the energy threshold (small…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-11 G. Di Sciascio , INFN - Roma Tor Vergata

We present RDSim, a fast and comprehensive framework for the simulation of the radio emission and detection of downgoing air showers. It can handle any downgoing shower that can be simulated with ZHAireS including those induced by CC and NC…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-21 Washington R. de Carvalho , Abha Khakurdikar

A new air shower experiment of the Alborz Observatory, Alborz-I, located at the Sharif University of Technology, Iran, will be constructed in near future. An area of about 30$\times$40 m$^{2}$ will be covered by 20 plastic scintillation…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-12-31 Yousef Pezeshkian , Mahmud Bahmanabadi , Mehdi Abbasian Motlagh , Masoume Rezaie

The paper describes the techniques and method of registration of air shower radio emission at the Yakutsk array of extensive air showers at a frequency of 32 MHz. At this stage, emission registration involves two set of antennas, the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-30 I. Petrov , S. Knurenko , Z. Petrov

A detector designed to measure early particle showers has been installed in front of the central CDF calorimeter at the Tevatron. This new preshower detector is based on scintillator tiles coupled to wavelength-shifting fibers read out by…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-11-18 Michele Gallinaro