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We introduce a novel modeling approach for time series imputation and forecasting, tailored to address the challenges often encountered in real-world data, such as irregular samples, missing data, or unaligned measurements from multiple…

Prediction based on Irregularly Sampled Time Series (ISTS) is of wide concern in the real-world applications. For more accurate prediction, the methods had better grasp more data characteristics. Different from ordinary time series, ISTS is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Chenxi Sun , Shenda Hong , Moxian Song , Yanxiu Zhou , Yongyue Sun , Derun Cai , Hongyan Li

Despite recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) for time series analysis, a noticeable gap persists between the anticipated achievements and actual performance. While these methods have demonstrated formidable generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Adrian Atienza , Jakob Bardram , Sadasivan Puthusserypady

Irregularly sampled time series (ISTS), characterized by non-uniform time intervals with natural missingness, are prevalent in real-world applications. Existing approaches for ISTS modeling primarily rely on observed values to impute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiexi Liu , Meng Cao , Songcan Chen

Irregularly sampled multivariate time series (ISMTS) are prevalent in reality. Most existing methods treat ISMTS as synchronized regularly sampled time series with missing values, neglecting that the irregularities are primarily attributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jiexi Liu , Meng Cao , Songcan Chen

Despite the eminent successes of deep neural networks, many architectures are often hard to transfer to irregularly-sampled and asynchronous time series that commonly occur in real-world datasets, especially in healthcare applications. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Max Horn , Michael Moor , Christian Bock , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

Irregular multivariate time series (IMTS) are characterized by irregular time intervals within variables and unaligned observations across variables, posing challenges in learning temporal and variable dependencies. Many existing IMTS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Boyuan Li , Yicheng Luo , Zhen Liu , Junhao Zheng , Jianming Lv , Qianli Ma

A time series represents a set of observations collected over time. Typically, these observations are captured with a uniform sampling frequency (e.g. daily). When data points are observed in uneven time intervals the time series is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Pedro Costa , Vitor Cerqueira , João Vinagre

Electronic health record (EHR) data is sparse and irregular as it is recorded at irregular time intervals, and different clinical variables are measured at each observation point. In this work, we propose a multi-view features integration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Yurim Lee , Eunji Jun , Heung-Il Suk

A time-delay embedding (TDE), grounded in the framework of Takens's Theorem, provides a mechanism to represent and analyze the inherent dynamics of time-series data. Recently, topological data analysis (TDA) methods have been applied to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-18 Sixtus Dakurah , Jessi Cisewski-Kehe

Multimodal irregular time series (MITS) consist of asynchronous and irregularly sampled observations from heterogeneous numerical and textual channels. In healthcare, for example, patients' electronic health records (EHR) include irregular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hsing-Huan Chung , Shijun Li , Yoav Wald , Xing Han , Suchi Saria , Joydeep Ghosh

Machine learning methods trained on raw numerical time series data exhibit fundamental limitations such as a high sensitivity to the hyper parameters and even to the initialization of random weights. A combination of a recurrent neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Steven Elsworth , Stefan Güttel

Medical time series are often irregular and face significant missingness, posing challenges for data analysis and clinical decision-making. Existing methods typically adopt a single modeling perspective, either treating series data as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Liuqing Chen , Shuhong Xiao , Shixian Ding , Shanhai Hu , Lingyun Sun

Time series with non-uniform intervals occur in many applications, and are difficult to model using standard recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We generalize RNNs to have continuous-time hidden dynamics defined by ordinary differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Yulia Rubanova , Ricky T. Q. Chen , David Duvenaud

The prediction of periodical time-series remains challenging due to various types of data distortions and misalignments. Here, we propose a novel model called Temporal embedding-enhanced convolutional neural Network (TeNet) to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Jiajun Liu , Kun Zhao , Brano Kusy , Ji-rong Wen , Raja Jurdak

Event time series are sequences of discrete events occurring at irregular time intervals, each associated with a domain-specific observational modality. They are common in domains such as high-energy astrophysics, computational social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Steven Dillmann , Juan Rafael Martínez-Galarza

Time series data can be subject to changes in the underlying process that generates them and, because of these changes, models built on old samples can become obsolete or perform poorly. In this work, we present a way to incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Jesus Antonanzas , Marta Arias , Albert Bifet

Multivariate time series (MTS) data are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in diverse domains, e.g., IoT systems, health informatics, and 5G networks. To obtain an effective representation of MTS data, it is not only essential to consider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yang Jiao , Kai Yang , Shaoyu Dou , Pan Luo , Sijia Liu , Dongjin Song

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in vision-language tasks, but their application in the medical field remains underexplored, particularly for integrating structured time series data with unstructured clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Shuai Niu , Jing Ma , Hongzhan Lin , Liang Bai , Zhihua Wang , Wei Bi , Yida Xu , Guo Li , Xian Yang

In research areas with scarce data, representation learning plays a significant role. This work aims to enhance representation learning for clinical time series by deriving universal embeddings for clinical features, such as heart rate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Yurong Hu , Manuel Burger , Gunnar Rätsch , Rita Kuznetsova