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Computationally hard problems based on coding theory, such as the syndrome decoding problem, have been used for constructing secure cryptographic schemes for a long time. Schemes based on these problems are also assumed to be secure against…
At CRYPTO 2013, Boneh and Zhandry initiated the study of quantum-secure encryption. They proposed first indistinguishability definitions for the quantum world where the actual indistinguishability only holds for classical messages, and they…
Quantum resistance is vital for emerging cryptographic systems as quantum technologies continue to advance towards large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers. Resistance may be offered by quantum key distribution (QKD), which provides…
This review examines how quantum computing and artificial intelligence challenge current cryptographic systems. We analyze the literature to assess the resilience of algorithms against quantum attacks (Shor's and Grover's algorithms) and…
The machinery of industrial environments was connected to the Internet years ago with the scope of increasing their performance. However, this change made such environments vulnerable against cyber-attacks that can compromise their correct…
Semi-quantum cryptography involves at least one user who is semi-quantum or "classical" in nature. Such a user can only interact with the quantum channel in a very restricted way. Many semi-quantum key distribution protocols have been…
This research investigates the potential implications of quantum technology on accounting information systems, and business overall. This endeavor focuses on the vulnerabilities of quantum computers and the emergence of quantum-resistant…
In 1994, P. Shor discovered quantum algorithms which can break both the RSA cryptosystem and the ElGamal cryptosystem. In 2007, D-Wave demonstrated the first quantum computer. These events and further developments have brought a crisis to…
Quantum computing has entered fast development track since Shor's algorithm was proposed in 1994. Multi-cloud services of quantum computing farms are currently available. One of which, IBM quantum computing, presented a road map showing…
The imminent realization of fault-tolerant quantum computing precipitates a systemic collapse of classical public-key infrastructure and necessitates an urgent transition to post-quantum cryptography. However, current standardization…
Quantum cryptographic technology (QCT) is expected to be a fundamental technology for realizing long-term information security even against as-yet-unknown future technologies. More advanced security could be achieved using QCT together with…
Collaborative threat intelligence via federated learning (FL) faces critical risks from quantum computing, which can compromise classical encryption methods. This study proposes a quantum-secure FL framework using post-quantum cryptography…
Noise causes severe difficulties in implementing quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Several schemes have been suggested to reduce this problem, mainly focusing on quantum computation. Motivated by quantum cryptography, we suggest a…
We assess the potential of quantum cryptography as a technology. We highlight the fact that academia and real world have rather different perspectives and interests. Then, we describe the various real life forces (different types of users,…
Block ciphers are versatile cryptographic ingredients that are used in a wide range of applications ranging from secure Internet communications to disk encryption. While post-quantum security of public-key cryptography has received…
Encryption schemes attempt to provide a means for entities to communicate confidentially over a public channel. Such schemes have been studied for centuries, and their use has become widespread. However, developments in the area of quantum…
The rapid advancement of quantum technologies calls for the design and deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic protocols and communication networks. There are two primary approaches to achieving quantum-resistant security: quantum key…
Quantum computers are on the horizon to get to a sufficient size. These will then be able to break most of the encryption and signature schemes currently in use. This is the case for human interface devices as well as for IoT nodes. In this…
Our computing ecosystem is being transformed by two emerging paradigms: the increased deployment of agentic AI systems and advancements in quantum computing. With respect to agentic AI systems, one of the most critical problems is creating…
The emergence of quantum computing presents a double-edged sword for cybersecurity. While its immense power holds promise for advancements in various fields, it also threatens to crack the foundation of current encryption methods. This…