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Cutaneous malignancies demand early detection for favorable outcomes, yet current diagnostics suffer from inter-observer variability and access disparities. While AI shows promise, existing dermatological systems are limited by homogeneous…

Accurate segmentation of skin lesions within dermoscopic images plays a crucial role in the timely identification of skin cancer for computer-aided diagnosis on mobile platforms. However, varying shapes of the lesions, lack of defined…

Interpretable deep learning models have received widespread attention in the field of image recognition. Due to the unique multi-instance learning of medical images and the difficulty in identifying decision-making regions, many…

Despite their exceptional generative abilities, large text-to-image diffusion models, much like skilled but careless artists, often struggle with accurately depicting visual relationships between objects. This issue, as we uncover through…

Fully convolutional deep neural networks have been asserted to be fast and precise frameworks with great potential in image segmentation. One of the major challenges in training such networks raises when data is unbalanced, which is common…

Medical image segmentation requires large annotated datasets, creating a significant bottleneck for clinical applications. While few-shot segmentation methods can learn from minimal examples, existing approaches demonstrate suboptimal…

Deep learning models tend to underperform in the presence of domain shifts. Domain transfer has recently emerged as a promising approach wherein images exhibiting a domain shift are transformed into other domains for augmentation or…

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown promises in the lesion segmentation of multiple sclerosis (MS) from multicontrast MRI including T1, T2, proton density (PD) and FLAIR sequences. However, one challenge in deploying such networks into…

Purpose: Deformable Image Registration (DIR) can benefit from additional guidance using corresponding landmarks in the images. However, the benefits thereof are largely understudied, especially due to the lack of automatic landmark…

Limited availability of annotated medical imaging data poses a challenge for deep learning algorithms. Although transfer learning minimizes this hurdle in general, knowledge transfer across disparate domains is shown to be less effective.…

Automated classification of clinical transcriptions into medical specialties is essential for routing, coding, and clinical decision support, yet prior work on the widely used MTSamples benchmark suffers from severe data leakage caused by…

Image-to-Image translation models can help mitigate various challenges inherent to medical image acquisition. Latent diffusion models (LDMs) leverage efficient learning in compressed latent space and constitute the core of state-of-the-art…

One of the common issues in clinical decision-making is the presence of uncertainty, which often arises due to ambiguity in radiology reports, which often reflect genuine diagnostic uncertainty or limitations of automated label extraction…

Anomaly detection in medical images refers to the identification of abnormal images with only normal images in the training set. Most existing methods solve this problem with a self-reconstruction framework, which tends to learn an identity…

The emergence of deep learning techniques has advanced the image segmentation task, especially for medical images. Many neural network models have been introduced in the last decade bringing the automated segmentation accuracy close to…

We propose a lesion-aware graph neural network (LEGNet) to predict language ability from resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) connectivity in patients with post-stroke aphasia. Our model integrates three components: an edge-based learning module…

The precise detection of blood vessels in retinal images is crucial to the early diagnosis of the retinal vascular diseases, e.g., diabetic, hypertensive and solar retinopathies. Existing works often fail in predicting the abnormal areas,…

Early detection of melanoma is difficult for the human eye but a crucial step towards reducing its death rate. Computerized detection of these melanoma and other skin lesions is necessary. The central research question in this paper is "How…

Well-maintained road networks are crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. Road surface damage not only threatens traffic safety but also hinders sustainable urban development. Accurate detection, however, remains…

In radiologists' routine work, one major task is to read a medical image, e.g., a CT scan, find significant lesions, and describe them in the radiology report. In this paper, we study the lesion description or annotation problem. Given a…