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Related papers: A Unified View of Label Shift Estimation

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Complementary-label learning is a weakly supervised learning problem in which each training example is associated with one or multiple complementary labels indicating the classes to which it does not belong. Existing consistent approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Wei Wang , Takashi Ishida , Yu-Jie Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In safety-critical applications of machine learning, it is often important to abstain from making predictions on low confidence examples. Standard abstention methods tend to be focused on optimizing top-k accuracy, but in many applications,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-22 Amr M. Alexandari , Anshul Kundaje , Avanti Shrikumar

Multi-label classification is prevalent in real-world settings, but the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) in this setting is understudied. We investigate how autoregressive LLMs perform multi-label classification, focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Marcus Ma , Georgios Chochlakis , Niyantha Maruthu Pandiyan , Jesse Thomason , Shrikanth Narayanan

Label smoothing (LS) adopts smoothed targets in classification tasks. For example, in binary classification, instead of the one-hot target $(1,0)^\top$ used in conventional logistic regression (LR), LR with LS (LSLR) uses the smoothed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-16 Ryoya Yamasaki , Toshiyuki Tanaka

Mixture models are flexible tools in density estimation and classification problems. Bayesian estimation of such models typically relies on sampling from the posterior distribution using Markov chain Monte Carlo. Label switching arises…

Applications · Statistics 2014-03-11 Wanchuang Zhu , Yanan Fan

Modern challenges of robustness, fairness, and decision-making in machine learning have led to the formulation of multi-distribution learning (MDL) frameworks in which a predictor is optimized across multiple distributions. We study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Rajeev Verma , Volker Fischer , Eric Nalisnick

Multi-label classification (MLC) is a generalization of standard classification where multiple labels may be assigned to a given sample. In the real world, it is more common to deal with noisy datasets than clean datasets, given how modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Wenting Zhao , Carla Gomes

Label distribution learning (LDL) is an effective method to predict the relative label description degree (a.k.a. label distribution) of a sample. However, the label distribution is not a complete representation of an instance because it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jiawei Tang , Yuheng Jia

While the performance of machine learning systems has experienced significant improvement in recent years, relatively little attention has been paid to the fundamental question: to what extent can we improve our models? This paper provides…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ryota Ushio , Takashi Ishida , Masashi Sugiyama

As a crucial step toward real-world learning scenarios with changing environments, dataset shift theory and invariant representation learning algorithm have been extensively studied to relax the identical distribution assumption in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 You-Wei Luo , Chuan-Xian Ren

Domain adaptation has received a lot of attention in recent years, and many algorithms have been proposed with impressive progress. However, it is still not fully explored concerning the joint probability distribution (P(X, Y)) distance for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Wei Wang , Baopu Li , Shuhui Yang , Jing Sun , Zhengming Ding , Junyang Chen , Xiao Dong , Zhihui Wang , Haojie Li

In many real-world classification problems, the labels of training examples are randomly corrupted. Most previous theoretical work on classification with label noise assumes that the two classes are separable, that the label noise is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-08 Gilles Blanchard , Marek Flaska , Gregory Handy , Sara Pozzi , Clayton Scott

Although multi-label learning can deal with many problems with label ambiguity, it does not fit some real applications well where the overall distribution of the importance of the labels matters. This paper proposes a novel learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Xin Geng

Obtaining rigorous statistical guarantees for generalization under distribution shift remains an open and active research area. We study a setting we call combinatorial distribution shift, where (a) under the test- and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Max Simchowitz , Abhishek Gupta , Kaiqing Zhang

Available works addressing multi-label classification in a data stream environment focus on proposing accurate models; however, these models often exhibit inefficiency and cannot balance effectiveness and efficiency. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Sepehr Bakhshi , Fazli Can

A weakly-supervised learning framework named as complementary-label learning has been proposed recently, where each sample is equipped with a single complementary label that denotes one of the classes the sample does not belong to. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-24 Yuzhou Cao , Shuqi Liu , Yitian Xu

Emotion labels in emotion recognition corpora are highly noisy and ambiguous, due to the annotators' subjective perception of emotions. Such ambiguity may introduce errors in automatic classification and affect the overall performance. We…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-11 Takuya Fujioka , Dario Bertero , Takeshi Homma , Kenji Nagamatsu

For safety-related applications, it is crucial to produce trustworthy deep neural networks whose prediction is associated with confidence that can represent the likelihood of correctness for subsequent decision-making. Existing dense binary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Jiawei Liu , Changkun Ye , Shan Wang , Ruikai Cui , Jing Zhang , Kaihao Zhang , Nick Barnes

The basic underlying assumption of machine learning (ML) models is that the training and test data are sampled from the same distribution. However, in daily practice, this assumption is often broken, i.e. the distribution of the test data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Adriana Valentina Costache , Silviu Florin Gheorghe , Eduard Gabriel Poesina , Paul Irofti , Radu Tudor Ionescu

In studies ranging from clinical medicine to policy research, complete data are usually available from a population $\mathscr{P}$, but the quantity of interest is often sought for a related but different population $\mathscr{Q}$ which only…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-11 Seong-ho Lee , Yanyuan Ma , Jiwei Zhao