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The number of increased social media users has led to a lot of people misusing these platforms to spread offensive content and use hate speech. Manual tracking the vast amount of posts is impractical so it is necessary to devise automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Arka Mitra , Priyanshu Sankhala

Background: Sexist and misogynistic behavior significantly hinders inclusion in technical communities like GitHub, causing developers, especially minorities, to leave due to subtle biases and microaggressions. Current moderation tools…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Tanni Dev , Sayma Sultana , Amiangshu Bosu

Exponential growths of social media and micro-blogging sites not only provide platforms for empowering freedom of expressions and individual voices but also enables people to express anti-social behaviour like online harassment,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Md. Rezaul Karim , Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi , John P. McCrae , Michael Cochez

Abusive content in online social networks is a well-known problem that can cause serious psychological harm and incite hatred. The ability to upload audio data increases the importance of developing methods to detect abusive content in…

Content moderation research has recently made significant advances, but remains limited in serving the majority of the world's languages due to the lack of resources, leaving millions of vulnerable users to online hostility. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Fitsum Gaim , Hoyun Song , Huije Lee , Changgeon Ko , Eui Jun Hwang , Jong C. Park

The rapid growth of machine translation (MT) systems has necessitated comprehensive studies to meta-evaluate evaluation metrics being used, which enables a better selection of metrics that best reflect MT quality. Unfortunately, most of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ananya B. Sai , Vignesh Nagarajan , Tanay Dixit , Raj Dabre , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pratyush Kumar , Mitesh M. Khapra

This paper describes neural models developed for the Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in English and Indo-Aryan Languages Shared Task 2021. Our team called neuro-utmn-thales participated in two tasks on binary and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Anna Glazkova , Michael Kadantsev , Maksim Glazkov

As online platforms grow, comment sections increasingly host harassment that undermines user experience and well-being. This study benchmarks three leading large language models, OpenAI GPT-4.1, Google Gemini 1.5 Pro, and Anthropic Claude 3…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Amel Muminovic

In multilingual societies like the Indian subcontinent, use of code-switched languages is much popular and convenient for the users. In this paper, we study offense and abuse detection in the code-switched pair of Hindi and English (i.e.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Raghav Kapoor , Yaman Kumar , Kshitij Rajput , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Roger Zimmermann

With the growing presence of multilingual users on social media, detecting abusive language in code-mixed text has become increasingly challenging. Code-mixed communication, where users seamlessly switch between English and their native…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Manish Pandey , Nageshwar Prasad Yadav , Mokshada Adduru , Sawan Rai

The widespread presence of offensive language on social media motivated the development of systems capable of recognizing such content automatically. Apart from a few notable exceptions, most research on automatic offensive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Saurabh Gaikwad , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Marcos Zampieri , Christopher M. Homan

We introduce COMI-LINGUA, the largest manually annotated Hindi-English code-mixed dataset, comprising 125K+ high-quality instances across five core NLP tasks: Matrix Language Identification, Token-level Language Identification,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Rajvee Sheth , Himanshu Beniwal , Mayank Singh

Analysis of informative contents and sentiments of social users has been attempted quite intensively in the recent past. Most of the systems are usable only for monolingual data and fails or gives poor results when used on data with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Soumil Mandal , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das

Online abusive behavior is an important issue that breaks the cohesiveness of online social communities and even raises public safety concerns in our societies. Motivated by this rising issue, researchers have proposed, collected, and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Md Rabiul Awal , Rui Cao , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Sandra Mitrović

The rise in the number of social media users has led to an increase in the hateful content posted online. In countries like India, where multiple languages are spoken, these abhorrent posts are from an unusual blend of code-switched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Kshitij Rajput , Raghav Kapoor , Kaushal Rai , Preeti Kaur

Violent threats remain a significant problem across social media platforms. Useful, high-quality data facilitates research into the understanding and detection of malicious content, including violence. In this paper, we introduce a…

A substantial portion of offensive content on social media is directed towards women. Since the approaches for general offensive content detection face a challenge in detecting misogynistic content, it requires solutions tailored to address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Mohammad Zia Ur Rehman , Sufyaan Zahoor , Areeb Manzoor , Musharaf Maqbool , Nagendra Kumar

In recent years, Sentiment Analysis (SA) and Emotion Recognition (ER) have been increasingly popular in the Bangla language, which is the seventh most spoken language throughout the entire world. However, the language is structurally…

Human communication is inherently multimodal and asynchronous. Analyzing human emotions and sentiment is an emerging field of artificial intelligence. We are witnessing an increasing amount of multimodal content in local languages on social…

Well-annotated data is a prerequisite for good Natural Language Processing models. Too often, though, annotation decisions are governed by optimizing time or annotator agreement. We make a case for nuanced efforts in an interdisciplinary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Federico Bianchi , Stefanie Anja Hills , Patricia Rossini , Dirk Hovy , Rebekah Tromble , Nava Tintarev