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3D localization in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), including 3D object detection and 3D visual grounding, is fundamentally limited by camera intrinsic ambiguity: the same image admits different 3D scenes under different cameras.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xueying Jiang , Wenhao Li , Quanhao Qian , Deli Zhao , Shijian Lu , Gongjie Zhang , Ran Xu

Deep learning approaches for Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) have proven successful, but they rarely focus on incorporating robust fusion strategies for dealing with imperfect input sensory data. We propose a novel end-to-end selective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Changhao Chen , Stefano Rosa , Yishu Miao , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Wei Wu , Andrew Markham , Niki Trigoni

Visual In-Context Learning (VICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm, enabling models to perform novel visual tasks by learning from in-context examples. The dominant "retrieve-then-prompt" approach typically relies on selecting the single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Wenwen Liao , Jianbo Yu , Yuansong Wang , Qingchao Jiang , Xiaofeng Yang

Vision Language Action (VLA) models have recently shown great potential in bridging multimodal perception with robotic control. However, existing methods often rely on direct fine-tuning of pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), feeding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Kun Wang , Xiao Feng , Mingcheng Qu , Tonghua Su

Visual localization, i.e., the problem of camera pose estimation, is a central component of applications such as autonomous robots and augmented reality systems. A dominant approach in the literature, shown to scale to large scenes and to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Vojtech Panek , Zuzana Kukelova , Torsten Sattler

Many vision-related tasks benefit from reasoning over multiple modalities to leverage complementary views of data in an attempt to learn robust embedding spaces. Most deep learning-based methods rely on a late fusion technique whereby…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Austin Reiter , Menglin Jia , Pu Yang , Ser-Nam Lim

Visual Grounding (VG) aims to utilize given natural language queries to locate specific target objects within images. While current transformer-based approaches demonstrate strong localization performance in standard scene (i.e, scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jiangnan Xie , Xiaolong Zheng , Liang Zheng

While the pursuit of higher accuracy in deepfake detection remains a central goal, there is an increasing demand for precise localization of manipulated regions. Despite the remarkable progress made in classification-based detection,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Chao Shuai , Gaojian Wang , Kun Pan , Tong Wu , Fanli Jin , Haohan Tan , Mengxiang Li , Zhenguang Liu , Feng Lin , Kui Ren

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Flamingo and GPT-4V, have shown immense potential by integrating large language models with vision systems. Nevertheless, these models face challenges in the fundamental computer vision task of object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Michael Dorkenwald , Nimrod Barazani , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

Visual place recognition is essential for vision-based robot localization and SLAM. Despite the tremendous progress made in recent years, place recognition in changing environments remains challenging. A promising approach to cope with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Reihaneh Mirjalili , Michael Krawez , Wolfram Burgard

State-of-the-art LiDAR-camera 3D object detectors usually focus on feature fusion. However, they neglect the factor of depth while designing the fusion strategy. In this work, we are the first to observe that different modalities play…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Mingqian Ji , Jian Yang , Shanshan Zhang

Thermal cameras capture environmental data through heat emission, a fundamentally different mechanism compared to visible light cameras, which rely on pinhole imaging. As a result, traditional visual relocalization methods designed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yu Liu , Yangtao Meng , Xianfei Pan , Jie Jiang , Changhao Chen

Multimodal recommendation is commonly framed as a feature fusion problem, where textual and visual signals are combined to better model user preference. However, the effectiveness of multimodal recommendation may depend not only on how…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ty Valencia , Burak Barlas , Varun Singhal , Ruchir Bhatia , Wei Yang

Medical students and junior surgeons often rely on senior surgeons and specialists to answer their questions when learning surgery. However, experts are often busy with clinical and academic work, and have little time to give guidance.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Long Bai , Mobarakol Islam , Hongliang Ren

Robust multimodal visual analytics remains challenging when heterogeneous modalities provide complementary but input-dependent evidence for decision-making.Existing multimodal learning methods mainly rely on fixed fusion modules or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Tianyi Liu , Yiming Li , Wenqian Wang , Jiaojiao Wang , Chen Cai , Yi Wang , Kim-Hui Yap

Camera relocalization is pivotal in computer vision, with applications in AR, drones, robotics, and autonomous driving. It estimates 3D camera position and orientation (6-DoF) from images. Unlike traditional methods like SLAM, recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Zhendong Xiao , Changhao Chen , Shan Yang , Wu Wei

We propose an accurate and robust multi-modal sensor fusion framework, MetroLoc, towards one of the most extreme scenarios, the large-scale metro vehicle localization and mapping. MetroLoc is built atop an IMU-centric state estimator that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Yusheng Wang , Weiwei Song , Yi Zhang , Fei Huang , Zhiyong Tu , Yidong Lou

Visual localization is the problem of estimating a camera within a scene and a key component in computer vision applications such as self-driving cars and Mixed Reality. State-of-the-art approaches for accurate visual localization use…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Qunjie Zhou , Torsten Sattler , Marc Pollefeys , Laura Leal-Taixe

Visual place recognition is one of the essential and challenging problems in the fields of robotics. In this letter, we for the first time explore the use of multi-modal fusion of semantic and visual modalities in dynamics-invariant space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Lin Wu , Teng Wang , Changyin Sun

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a prevalent backbone for large vision-language models (VLMs), yet how modality-specific signals should guide expert routing remains under-explored. Existing routing strategies are either hand-crafted or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zi-Hao Bo , Yaqian Li , Anzhou Hou , Rinyoichi Takezoe , Ertao Zhao , Tianxiang Pan , Jiale Yan , Mo Guang , Kaiwen Long