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Balancing predictive power and interpretability has long been a challenging research area, particularly in powerful yet complex models like neural networks, where nonlinearity obstructs direct interpretation. This paper introduces a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Antoine Ledent , Peng Liu

As interpretability gains attention in machine learning, there is a growing need for reliable models that fully explain representation content. We propose a mutual information (MI)-based method that decomposes neural network representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lifeng Gu

One significant challenge of exploiting Graph neural networks (GNNs) in real-life scenarios is that they are always treated as black boxes, therefore leading to the requirement of interpretability. To address this, model-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiao Yue , Guangzhi Qu , Lige Gan

Generative AI models offer powerful capabilities but often lack transparency, making it difficult to interpret their output. This is critical in cases involving artistic or copyrighted content. This work introduces a search-inspired…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Theodoros Aivalis , Iraklis A. Klampanos , Antonis Troumpoukis , Joemon M. Jose

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an important area in the AI community, and interpretability is crucial for building robust and trustworthy AI models. While previous work has explored model-level and instance-level explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xudong Wang , Ziheng Sun , Chris Ding , Jicong Fan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are highly effective on a variety of graph-related tasks; however, they lack interpretability and transparency. Current explainability approaches are typically local and treat GNNs as black-boxes. They do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Han Xuanyuan , Pietro Barbiero , Dobrik Georgiev , Lucie Charlotte Magister , Pietro Lió

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated a significant boost in prediction performance on graph data. At the same time, the predictions made by these models are often hard to interpret. In that regard, many efforts have been made to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Yiqiao Li , Jianlong Zhou , Sunny Verma , Fang Chen

Neural additive models (NAMs) enhance the transparency of deep neural networks by handling input features in separate additive sub-networks. However, they lack inherent mechanisms that provide calibrated uncertainties and enable selection…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Kouroche Bouchiat , Alexander Immer , Hugo Yèche , Gunnar Rätsch , Vincent Fortuin

We review generalized additive models as a type of ``transparent'' model that has recently seen renewed interest in the deep learning community as neural additive models. We highlight multiple types of nonidentifiability in this model class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xinyu Zhang , Julien Martinelli , ST John

Recent strides in interpretable machine learning (ML) research reveal that models exploit undesirable patterns in the data to make predictions, which potentially causes harms in deployment. However, it is unclear how we can fix these…

Neural additive model (NAM) is a recently proposed explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) method that utilizes neural network-based architectures. Given the advantages of neural networks, NAMs provide intuitive explanations for their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hoki Kim , Jinseong Park , Yujin Choi , Seungyun Lee , Jaewook Lee

Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) have quickly become the leading choice for inherently-interpretable machine learning. However, unlike uninterpretable methods such as DNNs, they lack expressive power and easy scalability, and are hence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Abhimanyu Dubey , Filip Radenovic , Dhruv Mahajan

Time series models with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) can have high accuracy but are unfortunately difficult to interpret as a result of feature-interactions, temporal-interactions, and non-linear transformations. Interpretability is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Asif Rahman , Yale Chang , Jonathan Rubin

Ongoing efforts to understand deep neural networks (DNN) have provided many insights, but DNNs remain incompletely understood. Improving DNN's interpretability has practical benefits, such as more accountable usage, better algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Erico Tjoa , Guan Cuntai

The trade-off between interpretability and accuracy remains a core challenge in machine learning. Standard Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) offer clear feature attributions but are often constrained by their strictly additive nature,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Guangzhi Xiong , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

Subgraph-enhanced graph neural networks (SGNN) can increase the expressive power of the standard message-passing framework. This model family represents each graph as a collection of subgraphs, generally extracted by random sampling or with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Indro Spinelli , Michele Guerra , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Simone Scardapane

Recent advances in deep learning highlight the need for personalized models that can learn from small samples, handle high-dimensional features, and remain interpretable. To address this, we propose the Sparse Deep Additive Model with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Yi-Ting Hung , Li-Hsiang Lin , Vince D. Calhoun

Real artificial intelligence always has been focused on by many machine learning researchers, especially in the area of deep learning. However deep neural network is hard to be understood and explained, and sometimes, even metaphysics. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Jinwei Zhao , Qizhou Wang , Fuqiang Zhang , Wanli Qiu , Yufei Wang , Yu Liu , Guo Xie , Weigang Ma , Bin Wang , Xinhong Hei

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proven to be highly effective in a variety of tasks, making them the go-to method for problems requiring high-level predictive power. Despite this success, the inner workings of DNNs are often not…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-04 Anton Thielmann , René-Marcel Kruse , Thomas Kneib , Benjamin Säfken

Interpretability aims to explain the behavior of deep neural networks. Despite rapid growth, there is mounting concern that much of this work has not translated into practical impact, raising questions about its relevance and utility. This…