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The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) were proposed in the natural language process (NLP) and shows promising results. Recently researchers applied the BERT to source-code representation learning and reported…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Lan Zhang , Chen Cao , Zhilong Wang , Peng Liu

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Transformers are two popular neural architectures used for natural language processing tasks. Theoretical results show that both are Turing-complete and can represent any context-free language (CFL).In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Hui Shi , Sicun Gao , Yuandong Tian , Xinyun Chen , Jishen Zhao

The prevalent approach to neural machine translation relies on bi-directional LSTMs to encode the source sentence. In this paper we present a faster and simpler architecture based on a succession of convolutional layers. This allows to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Jonas Gehring , Michael Auli , David Grangier , Yann N. Dauphin

The bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) model has recently advanced the state-of-the-art in passage re-ranking. In this paper, we analyze the results produced by a fine-tuned BERT model to better understand the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Harshith Padigela , Hamed Zamani , W. Bruce Croft

Contextualized representations from a pre-trained language model are central to achieve a high performance on downstream NLP task. The pre-trained BERT and A Lite BERT (ALBERT) models can be fine-tuned to give state-ofthe-art results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Hyunjin Choi , Judong Kim , Seongho Joe , Youngjune Gwon

In recent years BERT shows apparent advantages and great potential in natural language processing tasks. However, both training and applying BERT requires intensive time and resources for computing contextual language representations, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Tan Huang

Machine question answering is an essential yet challenging task in natural language processing. Recently, Pre-trained Contextual Embeddings (PCE) models like Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and A Lite BERT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Shilun Li , Renee Li , Veronica Peng

The fields of generative AI and transfer learning have experienced remarkable advancements in recent years especially in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Transformers have been at the heart of these advancements where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Majd Saleh , Stéphane Paquelet

In this paper, we present a study of the recent advancements which have helped bring Transfer Learning to NLP through the use of semi-supervised training. We discuss cutting-edge methods and architectures such as BERT, GPT, ELMo, ULMFit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Aditya Malte , Pratik Ratadiya

BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and related pre-trained Transformers have provided large gains across many language understanding tasks, achieving a new state-of-the-art (SOTA). BERT is pre-trained on two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Michael Glass , Alfio Gliozzo , Rishav Chakravarti , Anthony Ferritto , Lin Pan , G P Shrivatsa Bhargav , Dinesh Garg , Avirup Sil

This paper investigates the framework of encoder-decoder with attention for sequence labelling based spoken language understanding. We introduce Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory - Long Short Term Memory networks (BLSTM-LSTM) as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Su Zhu , Kai Yu

Explainability and interpretability are two important concepts, the absence of which can and should impede the application of well-performing neural networks to real-world problems. At the same time, they are difficult to incorporate into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Betty van Aken , Benjamin Winter , Alexander Löser , Felix A. Gers

Large Transformer-based language models such as BERT have led to broad performance improvements on many NLP tasks. Domain-specific variants of these models have demonstrated excellent performance on a variety of specialised tasks. In legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Benjamin Clavié , Akshita Gheewala , Paul Briton , Marc Alphonsus , Rym Laabiyad , Francesco Piccoli

Recently, BERT has become an essential ingredient of various NLP deep models due to its effectiveness and universal-usability. However, the online deployment of BERT is often blocked by its large-scale parameters and high computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Bowen Wu , Huan Zhang , Mengyuan Li , Zongsheng Wang , Qihang Feng , Junhong Huang , Baoxun Wang

The introduction of transformer architecture was a turning point in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Models based on the transformer architecture such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Generative…

Language is an outcome of our complex and dynamic human-interactions and the technique of natural language processing (NLP) is hence built on human linguistic activities. Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Katsuma Inoue , Soh Ohara , Yasuo Kuniyoshi , Kohei Nakajima

In recent years, Natural Language Processing (NLP) models have achieved phenomenal success in linguistic and semantic tasks like text classification, machine translation, cognitive dialogue systems, information retrieval via Natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Sushant Singh , Ausif Mahmood

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) have been driven bypretrained language models like BERT, RoBERTa, T5, and GPT. Thesemodels excel at understanding complex texts, but biomedical literature, withits domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 K. Sahit Reddy , N. Ragavenderan , Vasanth K. , Ganesh N. Naik , Vishalakshi Prabhu , Nagaraja G. S

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness frequently underdiagnosed due to subtle early symptoms and social stigma. This paper explores the advanced natural language processing (NLP) models for recognizing signs of bipolar disorder based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Khalid Hasan , Jamil Saquer

Pre-training models are an important tool in Natural Language Processing (NLP), while the BERT model is a classic pre-training model whose structure has been widely adopted by followers. It was even chosen as the reference model for the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Jinle Zeng , Min Li , Zhihua Wu , Jiaqi Liu , Yuang Liu , Dianhai Yu , Yanjun Ma