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A sequence of rational points on an algebraic planar curve is said to form an $r$-geometric progression sequence if either the abscissae or the ordinates of these points form a geometric progression sequence with ratio $r$. In this work, we…
For each positive integer n greater than or equal to 2, a new approach to expressing real numbers as sequences of nonnegative integers is given. The n=2 case is equivalent to the standard continued fraction algorithm. For n=3, it reduces to…
The problem of splitting effects by vertex angles is discussed for nonintegrable rational polygonal billiards. A statistical analysis of the decay dynamics in weakly open polygons is given through the orbit survival probability. Two…
The famous conjecture of V.Ya.Ivrii says that {\it in every billiard with infinitely-smooth boundary in a Euclidean space the set of periodic orbits has measure zero}. In the present paper we study its complex analytic version for…
We study polygonal billiards with one-sided vertical mirror scattered on a square billiard table. We associate trajectories of these kinds of billiards with double rotations and study orbit behavior and questions of complexity.
A Finsler, not necessarily symmetric, metric in the plane or its convex subset is called projective if its geodesics are straight segments. We consider Finsler billiards in a convex planar domain endowed with a projective Finsler metric. A…
One of the most interesting problems in the theory of Birkhoff billiards is the problem of integrability. In all known examples of integrable billiards, the billiard tables are either conics, quadrics (closed ellipsoids as well as unclosed…
We introduce the iteration theory for periodic billiard trajectories in a compact and convex domain of the Euclidean space, and we apply it to establish a multiplicity result for non-iterated trajectories.
This paper investigates the dynamics of optical billiards, a generalization of classic billiards, where light rays travel within a refractive medium and reflect elastically at the boundary. Inspired by studies of acoustic modes in rapidly…
We show that in the space of all convex billiard boundaries, the set of boundaries with rational caustics is dense. More precisely, the set of billiard boundaries with caustics of rotation number $1/q$ is polynomial sense in the smooth…
In this paper we investigate \textit{pigeonhole statistics} for the fractional parts of the sequence $\sqrt{n}$. Namely, we partition the unit circle $ \mathbb{T} = \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ into $N$ intervals and show that the proportion of…
In an ordinary billiard trajectories of a Hamiltonian system are elastically reflected after a collision with a hypersurface (scatterer). If the scatterer is a submanifold of codimension more than one, we say that the billiard is…
We analyze properties of the 2-adic valuations of an integer sequence that originates from an explicit evaluation of a quartic integral. We also give a combinatorial interpretation of the valuations of this sequence. Connections with the…
We derive formulas for $(i)$ the number of toroidal $n\times n$ binary arrays, allowing rotation of rows and/or columns as well as matrix transposition, and $(ii)$ the number of toroidal $n\times n$ binary arrays, allowing rotation and/or…
We study outer length billiards; our main results are as follows. We prove 3- and 4-periodic versions of the Ivrii conjecture. We show that, for every period $n\ge 3$, there exists a functional space of billiard tables that possess…
Using heuristic arguments based on the trace formulas, we analytically calculate the semiclassical two-point correlation form factor for a family of rectangular billiards with a barrier of height irrational with respect to the side of the…
Consider a $2\times n$ rectangular grid composed of $1\times 1$ squares. Cutting only along the edges between squares, how many ways are there to divide the board into $k$ pieces? Building off the work of Durham and Richmond, who found the…
Suppose we are given an environment consisting of axis-parallel and diagonal line segments with integer endpoints, each of which may be reflective or non-reflective, with integer endpoints, and an initial position for a light ray passing…
We give an optical physicist view of the problem of the trajectories in a polygonal billiard using only basic facts of Optics and the theory of functions of a complex variable. This approach allow us to stablish a certain correspondence…
Proper continued fractions are generalized continued fractions with positive integer numerators $a_i$ and integer denominators with $b_i\geq a_i$. In this paper we study the strength of approximation of irrational numbers to their…