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Traditionally, for most machine learning settings, gaining some degree of explainability that tries to give users more insights into how and why the network arrives at its predictions, restricts the underlying model and hinders performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Robin M. Schmidt

Explainability is a longstanding challenge in deep learning, especially in high-stakes domains like healthcare. Common explainability methods highlight image regions that drive an AI model's decision. Humans, however, heavily rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Shobhit Agarwal , Yevgeniy R. Semenov , William Lotter

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

The overarching goal of Explainable AI is to develop systems that not only exhibit intelligent behaviours, but also are able to explain their rationale and reveal insights. In explainable machine learning, methods that produce a high level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Xiuyi Fan , Siyuan Liu , Thomas C. Henderson

Explainable AI aims to render model behavior understandable by humans, which can be seen as an intermediate step in extracting causal relations from correlative patterns. Due to the high risk of possible fatal decisions in image-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Lukas Klein , João B. S. Carvalho , Mennatallah El-Assady , Paolo Penna , Joachim M. Buhmann , Paul F. Jaeger

Human understandable explanation of deep learning models is essential for various critical and sensitive applications. Unlike image or tabular data where the importance of each input feature (for the classifier's decision) can be directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Image classification is an essential part of computer vision which assigns a given input image to a specific category based on the similarity evaluation within given criteria. While promising classifiers can be obtained through deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Emma Andrews , Prabhat Mishra

Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly shows its potential to outperform predicate logic algorithms and human control alike. In automatically deriving a system model, AI algorithms learn relations in data that are not detectable for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Simon Daniel Duque Anton , Daniel Schneider , Hans Dieter Schotten

Explaining deep learning models is essential for clinical integration of medical image analysis systems. A good explanation highlights if a model depends on spurious features that undermines generalization and harms a subset of patients or,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Yoni Schirris , Eric Marcus , Jonas Teuwen , Hugo Horlings , Efstratios Gavves

Deep Learning has already been successfully applied to analyze industrial sensor data in a variety of relevant use cases. However, the opaque nature of many well-performing methods poses a major obstacle for real-world deployment.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Thomas Decker , Michael Lebacher , Volker Tresp

Clearly explaining a rationale for a classification decision to an end-user can be as important as the decision itself. Existing approaches for deep visual recognition are generally opaque and do not output any justification text;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Lisa Anne Hendricks , Zeynep Akata , Marcus Rohrbach , Jeff Donahue , Bernt Schiele , Trevor Darrell

The popularity of Deep Learning for real-world applications is ever-growing. With the introduction of high performance hardware, applications are no longer limited to image recognition. With the introduction of more complex problems comes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Liam Hiley , Alun Preece , Yulia Hicks

Although current deep models for face tasks surpass human performance on some benchmarks, we do not understand how they work. Thus, we cannot predict how it will react to novel inputs, resulting in catastrophic failures and unwanted biases…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Thrupthi Ann John , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , C. V. Jawahar

As artificial intelligence systems become increasingly integrated into daily life, the field of explainability has gained significant attention. This trend is particularly driven by the complexity of modern AI models and their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Rémi Kazmierczak , Eloïse Berthier , Goran Frehse , Gianni Franchi

Explainability is needed to establish confidence in machine learning results. Some explainable methods take a post hoc approach to explain the weights of machine learning models, others highlight areas of the input contributing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

There has recently been a surge of work in explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI). This research area tackles the important problem that complex machines and algorithms often cannot provide insights into their behavior and thought…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Leilani H. Gilpin , David Bau , Ben Z. Yuan , Ayesha Bajwa , Michael Specter , Lalana Kagal

Recent developments in machine learning have introduced models that approach human performance at the cost of increased architectural complexity. Efforts to make the rationales behind the models' predictions transparent have inspired an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Pepa Atanasova , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma , Isabelle Augenstein

The new era of image segmentation leveraging the power of Deep Neural Nets (DNNs) comes with a price tag: to train a neural network for pixel-wise segmentation, a large amount of training samples has to be manually labeled on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Clemens Seibold , Johannes Künzel , Anna Hilsmann , Peter Eisert

The adoption of machine learning in high-stakes applications such as healthcare and law has lagged in part because predictions are not accompanied by explanations comprehensible to the domain user, who often holds the ultimate…

Explainability plays a crucial role in providing a more comprehensive understanding of deep learning models' behaviour. This allows for thorough validation of the model's performance, ensuring that its decisions are based on relevant visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 E. Zhixuan Zeng , Hayden Gunraj , Sheldon Fernandez , Alexander Wong
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