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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are one of the most extreme transients in the universe, but their explosion and emission mechanism remains unclear. To investigate the nature of GRB jets, here we focus on X-ray flares (XFs) and extended emissions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-02 Riki Matsui , Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohta Murase , Bing Theodore Zhang

We have observed a sample of 9 Extended Green Objects (EGOs) at 1.3 and 5 cm with the VLA with sub-arcsecond resolution and ~7-14 uJy/beam sensitivities in order to characterize centimeter continuum emission as it first appears in these…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-01-05 A. P. M. Towner , C. L. Brogan , T. R. Hunter , C. J. Cyganowski

Exceptional points (EPs) in open optical systems are rigorously studied using the resonant-state expansion (RSE). A spherical resonator, specifically a homogeneous dielectric sphere in a vacuum, perturbed by two point-like defects which…

Optics · Physics 2024-09-18 Kyle S. Netherwood , Hannah K. Riley , Egor A. Muljarov

Detecting the end of the cosmic-ray (CR) electron spectrum would provide important new insights. While we know that Milky Way sources can accelerate electrons up to at least $\sim$1PeV, the observed CR electron spectrum at Earth extends…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-06 Takahiro Sudoh , John F. Beacom

Compared to the well-studied infrared and radio domains, galaxy emission in the millimeter (mm) - centimeter (cm) range has been less observed. In this domain, galaxy emission consists of thermal dust, free-free and synchrotron emissions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-28 L. Correia , C. Bot , J. Chastenet , A. Rymar , R. Paladini , M. Bethermin , D. Ismail , K. A. Lutz , J. -P. Bernard , A. Hughes , D. Paradis , N. Ysard

High-energy gamma rays of interstellar origin are produced by the interaction of cosmic-ray (CR) particles with the diffuse gas and radiation fields in the Galaxy. The main features of this emission are well understood and are reproduced by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-06 Troy A. Porter , Gudlaugur Johannesson , Igor V. Moskalenko

Determining the spatial distribution of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) is fundamental to understand how these particles propagate in interstellar space and to infer their source spectra. The most sensitive method of studying this problem is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-26 Paolo Lipari , Silvia Vernetto

The Oort cloud, a collection of icy bodies orbiting the sun at roughly $10^{3}$ AU to $10^{5}$ AU, is believed to be the source of the long-period comets observed in the inner solar system. Although its existence was predicted nearly 70…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-04 John Orlowski-Scherer , Eric Baxter , Cullen Blake , Mark Devlin , Bhuvnesh Jain

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) can generate non-spherical, relativistic and optically thick outflows. Simulations show that the radiation we observe is reprocessed by these outflows. According to a unified model suggested by these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-30 Edward J. Parkinson , Christian Knigge , Lixin Dai , Lars Lund Thomsen , James H. Matthews , Knox S. Long

Many years of study have failed to conclusively establish relations between a quasar's spectral energy distribution (SED) and the emission lines it is thought to produce. This is at least partially due to the lack of well-observed SEDs. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. J. Wilkes , P. J. Green , S. Mathur , J. C. McDowell

The origin of the high-energy gamma-ray emission from the Milky Way center is still unclear and debated because of the impact of systematics afflicting the measurements from current experiments. Several theories and phenomenological models…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-30 Sofia Ventura

Amplified spontaneous emission is a common noise source in active optical systems, it is generally seen as being an incoherent process. Here we excite an ensemble of rare earth ion dopants in a solid with a {\pi}-pulse, resulting in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-05 Patrick M. Ledingham , William R. Naylor , Jevon J. Longdell

Rings around giant exoplanets (hereafter 'exorings') are still a missing planetary phenomenon among the vast number of discovered planets. Despite the fact there exist a large number of methods for identifying and characterizing these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 Mario Sucerquia , Jaime A. Alvarado-Montes , Jorge I. Zuluaga , Matías Montesinos , Amelia Bayo

The Galactic centre and its surrounding space are important in studying galaxy-scale evolution, and stellar populations therein are expected to have imprints of the long-term evolution. Interstellar extinction, however, severely limits…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-03 Noriyuki Matsunaga

[Abridged] Though the exact role of infrared dark clouds in the formation process is still somewhat unclear, they seem to provide useful laboratories to study the very early stages of clustered star formation. Infrared dark clouds have been…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Wilfred W. F. Frieswijk , Russell F. Shipman

Lyman-alpha (Lya) photons that escape the interstellar medium of star-forming galaxies may be resonantly scattered by neutral hydrogen atoms in the circumgalactic and intergalactic media, thereby increasing the angular extent of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Zheng Zheng , Renyue Cen , David Weinberg , Hy Trac , Jordi Miralda-Escude

The diffuse galactic gamma-ray spectrum measured by the EGRET experiment \citep{Hunter:1997} are interpreted within a scenario in which cosmic rays (CRs) are injected by three different kind of sources, (i) supernovae (SN) which explode…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sabrina Casanova , Peter L. Biermann , Ralph Engel , Athina Meli , Ralf Ulrich

A precise understanding of the radio emission from extensive air showers is of fundamental importance for the design of cosmic ray radio detectors as well as the analysis and interpretation of their data. In recent years, tremendous…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 T. Huege

We present 0.35 to 2.5 micron spectra of the south and northwest filaments in the reflection nebula NGC 7023. These spectra were used to test the theory of Seahra & Duley that carbon nanoparticles are responsible for Extended Red Emission…

As we enter the final year of the second extended mission of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), it is time to reflect on what the TESS mission has contributed to the advancement of astronomy. Thousands of papers based on TESS…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-09 Zsófia Bognár , Ádám Sódor