Related papers: Increasing singular functions with arbitrary posit…

Does there exist an increasing absolutely continuous function, $f: [0,1] \rightarrow \mathbb R$ such that $\{x: f'(x)=0\}$ is both countable and dense? This problem was proposed by F.S. Cater about two decades ago. We give an affirmative…

Let L_a(x) be Lebesgue's singular function with a real parameter a (0<a<1, a not equal to 1/2). As is well known, L_a(x) is strictly increasing and has a derivative equal to zero almost everywhere. However, what sets of x in [0,1] actually…

Sanchez, Viader, Paradis and Carrillo (2016) proved that there exists an increasing continuous singular function $f$ on $[0,1]$ such that the set $A_f$ of points where $f$ has a nonzero finite derivative has Hausdorff dimension 1 in each…

Let $f$ be a positive multiplicative function and let $k\geq 2$ be an integer. We prove that if the prime values $f(p)$ converge to $1$ sufficiently slowly as $p\rightarrow +\infty$, in the sense that $\sum_{p}|f(p)-1|=\infty$, there exists…

For any infinite subset $X$ of the rationals and a subset $F \subseteq X$ which has no isolated points in $X$ we construct a function $f: X \to X$ such that $f(f(x))=x$ for each $x\in X$ and $F $ is the set of discontinuity points of $f$.

Let A be a finite set of reals and let K >= 1 be a real number. Suppose that for each a in A we are given an injective map f_a : A -> R which fixes a and contracts other points towards it in the sense that |a - f_a(x)| <= |a - x|/K for all…

Given an increasing process $(A_t)_{t\geq 0}$, we characterize the right-continuous non-decreasing functions $f: \R_+\to \R_+$ that map $A$ to a pure-jump process. As an example of application, we show for instance that functions with…

A set of reals $A=\{a_1,...,a_n\}$ labeled in increasing order is called convex if there exists a continuous strictly convex function $f$ such that $f(i)=a_i$ for every $i$. Given a convex set $A$, we prove…

It is shown that if $f$ or $1/f$ is a real entire function of infinite order of growth, with only real zeros, then $f''+\omega f$ has infinitely many non-real zeros for any $\omega > 0$.

Let A be a set of integers and let h \geq 2. For every integer n, let r_{A, h}(n) denote the number of representations of n in the form n=a_1+...+a_h, where a_1,...,a_h belong to the set A, and a_1\leq ... \leq a_h. The function r_{A,h}…

Motivated by a problem on comonotone approximation of $C^n$ functions by entire functions, for increasing functions $f\colon[0,1]\to[0,1]$, we characterize the possible values of $(a,b,c)$, where $a=I(f)(1)$, $b=I^2(f)(1)$, $c=I^3(f)(1)$…

We show that if a complex entire function $f$ and its derivative $f'$ share their simple zeroes and their simple $a$-points for some nonzero constant $a$, then $f\equiv f'$. We also discuss how far these conditions can be relaxed or…

We establish several results concerning the expected general phenomenon that, given a multiplicative function $f:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}$, the values of $f(n)$ and $f(n+a)$ are "generally" independent unless $f$ is of a "special" form.…

Let E_n={x_i=1, x_i+x_j=x_k, x_i \cdot x_j=x_k: i,j,k \in {1,...,n}}. For a positive integer n, let f(n) denote the greatest finite total number of solutions of a subsystem of E_n in integers x_1,...,x_n. We prove: (1) the function f is…

We prove that if $A$ is any set of prime numbers satisfying \[ \sum_{a\in A}\frac{1}{a}=\infty, \] then $A$ must contain a $3$-term arithmetic progression. This is accomplished by combining the transference principle with a density…

Let $f$ be a smooth real function with strictly monotone first $k$ derivatives. We show that for a finite set $A$, with $|A+A|\leq K|A|$, $|2^kf(A)-(2^k-1)f(A)|\gg_k |A|^{k+1-o(1)}/K^{O_k(1)}$. We deduce several new sum-product type…

A positive integer $n$ is practical if every $m \leq n$ can be written as a sum of distinct divisors of $n$. One can generalize the concept of practical numbers by applying an arithmetic function $f$ to each of the divisors of $n$ and…

Counting functions are constructed for sums of integers raised to a fixed positive rational power. That is, given values formed by $u_1^{j/k} + u_2^{j/k} + ... + u_l^{j/k}$, $u_i \in \mathbb{Z}^+$, the number of values less than or equal to…

Fix an integer $h \geq 2$, and let $b_1, \ldots, b_h$ be (not necessarily distinct) positive integers with $\gcd(b_1, \ldots, b_h) = 1$. For any subset $A \subseteq \mathbb{N}$, let $r_A(n)$ denote the number of solutions $(k_1, \ldots,…

It is shown how Dedekind cuts can be used to introduce the extended real numbers along with sound arithmetic laws via one simple rule for the addition of sets. The crucial idea is that the use of the lower and the upper part of the cuts,…