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We investigate the turbulent properties of 12 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) observed by Solar Orbiter between 0.29 and 1.0 AU. We analyze fluctuation power, spectral indices, break scales, and correlations between magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Jyoti Sheoran , Supratik Banerjee , Vaibhav Pant , Dipankar Banerjee , M. Saleem Khan

Sheaths ahead of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are turbulent heliospheric structures. Knowledge of their structure and fluctuations is important for understanding their geoeffectiveness, their role in accelerating particles,…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 E. K. J. Kilpua , S. W. Good , M. Ala-Lahti , A. Osmane , S. Pal , J. E. Soljento , L. L. Zhao , S. Bale

We present the first statistical analysis of complexity changes affecting the magnetic structure of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), with the aim of answering the questions: How frequently do ICMEs undergo magnetic complexity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Camilla Scolini , Réka M. Winslow , Noé Lugaz , Tarik M. Salman , Emma E. Davies , Antoinette B. Galvin

We investigate the evolution of interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) sheath regions at 1 AU across solar cycles 23, 24, and the rising phase of 25, focusing on their variability and turbulence in relation to upstream solar wind…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 C. Larrodera , M. Temmer , M. Owens

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) have low proton beta across a broad range of heliocentric distances and a magnetic flux rope structure at large scales, making them a unique environment for studying solar wind fluctuations.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-17 S. W. Good , O. K. Rantala , A. -S. M. Jylhä , C. H. K. Chen , C. Möstl , E. K. J. Kilpua

We analyzed intermittency in the solar wind, as observed on the ecliptic plane, looking at magnetic field and velocity fluctuations between 0.3 and 1 AU, for both fast and slow wind and for compressive and directional fluctuations. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 R. Bruno , V. Carbone , L. Sorriso-Valvo , B. Bavassano

We study interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) measured by probes at different heliocentric distances (0.3-1AU) to investigate the propagation of ICMEs in the inner heliosphere and determine how the generic features of ICMEs change…

Solar wind measurements carried out by NASA's Wind spacecraft before, during and after the passing of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) detected on 12-14 September 2014 have been used in order to examine several properties of…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Roque Márquez Rodríguez , Luca Sorriso-Valvo , Emiliya Yordanova

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent the most extreme solar products, showing complex and dynamic structures when detected in situ. They are often preceded by a shock and carry a magnetic cloud organised as a flux rope, surrounded and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Mattia Sangalli , Andrea Verdini , Simone Landi , Emanuele Papini

Aims: We statistically investigate the plasma and magnetic field characteristics of the upstream regions of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and their evolution as function of distance to the Sun in the inner heliosphere. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Manuela Temmer , Volker Bothmer

Intermittency has been studied extensively in the fast and slow solar winds but to a far lesser extent in interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). While ICMEs are often characterized by their relatively smooth, large-scale magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Julia Ruohotie , Simon Good , Christian Möstl , Emilia Kilpua

We present a statistical investigation of the radial evolution of 28 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), measured in situ by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft from 2018 October to 2022 August. First, by analyzing the radial…

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are the interplanetary manifestations of solar eruptions. The overtaken solar wind forms a sheath of compressed plasma at the front of ICMEs. Magnetic clouds (MCs) are a subset of ICMEs with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-10 J. J. Masías-Meza , S. Dasso , P. Démoulin , L. Rodriguez , M. Janvier

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) contain magnetic field and velocity fluctuations across a wide range of scales. These fluctuations may be interpreted as Alfv\'enic wave packets propagating parallel or anti-parallel to the…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-05-23 S. W. Good , L. M. Hatakka , M. Ala-Lahti , J. E. Soljento , A. Osmane , E. K. J. Kilpua

Directly tracking an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) by widely separated spacecrafts is a great challenge. However, such an event could provide us a good opportunity to study the evolution of embedded Alfv\'enic fluctuations…

Space Physics · Physics 2017-12-20 Hui Li , Chi Wang , John D. Richardson , Cui Tu

Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) directed at the Earth often drive large geomagnetic storms. Here we use velocity, magnetic field and proton density data from 152 CMEs that were sampled in-situ at 1 AU by the WIND spacecraft. We Fourier…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-20 Deep Ghuge , Debesh Bhattacharjee , Prasad Subramanian

Fast interplanetary coronal mass ejections (interplanetary CMEs, or ICMEs) are the drivers of strongest space weather storms such as solar energetic particle events and geomagnetic storms. The connection between space weather impacting…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 Takuya Takahashi , Kazunari Shibata

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are complex magnetized plasma structures in which the magnetic field spirals around a central axis, forming what is known as a flux rope (FR). The central FR axis can be oriented at any angle to the ecliptic.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-28 Karmen Martinić , Eleanna Asvestari , Mateja Dumbović , Tobias Rindlisbacher , Manuela Temmer , Bojan Vršnak

Solar Orbiter observed an interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) event at 0.8 AU on 2020 April 19. The ICME was also observed by Wind at 1 AU on 2020 April 20. An interplanetary shock wave was driven in front of the ICME. We focus on…

Alfv\'enic fluctuations of various scales are ubiquitous in the corona; their non-linear interactions and eventual turbulent cascade result in an important heating mechanism that accelerates the solar wind. These fluctuations may be…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 Chaitanya Prasad Sishtla , Jens Pomoell , Rami Vainio , Emilia Kilpua , Simon Good
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