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Mixture Density Networks (MDNs) can be used to generate probability density functions of model parameters $\boldsymbol{\theta}$ given a set of observables $\mathbf{x}$. In some applications, training data are available only for discrete…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-08-18 Charles Burton , Spencer Stubbs , Peter Onyisi

We demonstrate the application of mixture density networks (MDNs) in the context of automated radiation therapy treatment planning. It is shown that an MDN can produce good predictions of dose distributions as well as reflect uncertain…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-07-06 Viktor Nilsson , Hanna Gruselius , Tianfang Zhang , Geert De Kerf , Michaël Claessens

While mixture density networks (MDNs) have been extensively used for regression tasks, they have not been used much for classification tasks. One reason for this is that the usability of MDNs for classification is not clear and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Narendhar Gugulothu , Sanjay P. Bhat , Tejas Bodas

Many scientific and engineering systems exhibit intrinsically multimodal behavior arising from latent regime switching and non-unique physical mechanisms. In such settings, learning the full conditional distribution of admissible outcomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jinkyo Han , Bahador Bahmani

We introduce the Graph Mixture Density Networks, a new family of machine learning models that can fit multimodal output distributions conditioned on graphs of arbitrary topology. By combining ideas from mixture models and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Federico Errica , Davide Bacciu , Alessio Micheli

Probabilistic machine learning techniques can learn both complex relations between input features and output quantities of interest as well as take into account stochasticity or uncertainty within a data set. In this initial work, we…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 A. E. Lovell , A. T. Mohan , P. Talou

Multimodal probability distributions are common in both quantum and classical systems, yet modeling them remains challenging when the number of modes is large or unknown. Classical methods such as mixture-density networks (MDNs) scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Jaemin Seo

The class of recurrent mixture density networks is an important class of probabilistic models used extensively in sequence modeling and sequence-to-sequence mapping applications. In this class of models, the density of a target sequence in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Seyedeh Fatemeh Razavi , Reshad Hosseini , Tina Behzad

While several methods for predicting uncertainty on deep networks have been recently proposed, they do not readily translate to large and complex datasets. In this paper we utilize a simplified form of the Mixture Density Networks (MDNs) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Nicholas Wilkins , Michael Johnson , Ifeoma Nwogu

This paper investigates two prominent probabilistic neural modeling paradigms: Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) and Mixture Density Networks (MDNs) for uncertainty-aware nonlinear regression. While BNNs incorporate epistemic uncertainty by…

Computation · Statistics 2025-10-30 Riddhi Pratim Ghosh , Ian Barnett

X-ray reflectivity (XRR) is widely used for thin-film structure analysis, and XRR data analysis involves minimizing the difference between an XRR curve calculated from model parameters describing the thin-film structure. This analysis takes…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-03-31 Kook Tae Kim , Dong Ryeol Lee

Neural networks offer a versatile, flexible and accurate approach to loss reserving. However, such applications have focused primarily on the (important) problem of fitting accurate central estimates of the outstanding claims. In practice,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-09 Muhammed Taher Al-Mudafer , Benjamin Avanzi , Greg Taylor , Bernard Wong

The relentless pursuit of miniaturization and performance enhancement in electronic devices has led to a fundamental challenge in the field of circuit design and simulation: how to accurately account for the inherent stochastic nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jack Hutchins , Shamiul Alam , Dana S. Rampini , Bakhrom G. Oripov , Adam N. McCaughan , Ahmedullah Aziz

Scientific machine learning (SciML) increasingly requires models that capture multimodal conditional uncertainty arising from ill-posed inverse problems, multistability, and chaotic dynamics. While recent work has favored highly expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Leonardo Ferreira Guilhoto , Akshat Kaushal , Paris Perdikaris

Building robust online content recommendation systems requires learning complex interactions between user preferences and content features. The field has evolved rapidly in recent years from traditional multi-arm bandit and collaborative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Yoel Zeldes , Stavros Theodorakis , Efrat Solodnik , Aviv Rotman , Gil Chamiel , Dan Friedman

To improve the identification of potential anomaly patterns in complex user behavior, this paper proposes an anomaly detection method based on a deep mixture density network. The method constructs a Gaussian mixture model parameterized by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lu Dai , Wenxuan Zhu , Xuehui Quan , Renzi Meng , Sheng Chai , Yichen Wang

In this work, we propose using the mixture density network (MDN) to estimate cosmological parameters. We test the MDN method by constraining parameters of the $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM models using Type Ia supernovae and the power spectra of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-05 Guo-Jian Wang , Cheng Cheng , Yin-Zhe Ma , Jun-Qing Xia

Gaining a better understanding of how and what machine learning systems learn is important to increase confidence in their decisions and catalyze further research. In this paper, we analyze the predictions made by a specific type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Kai Olav Ellefsen , Charles Patrick Martin , Jim Torresen

Mixtures of Linear Regressions (MLR) is an important mixture model with many applications. In this model, each observation is generated from one of the several unknown linear regression components, where the identity of the generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Yuanzhi Li , Yingyu Liang

Despite the huge success of deep neural networks (NNs), finding good mechanisms for quantifying their prediction uncertainty is still an open problem. Bayesian neural networks are one of the most popular approaches to uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-01 Agustinus Kristiadi , Sina Däubener , Asja Fischer
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