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In this paper, we propose a novel perspective-guided convolution (PGC) for convolutional neural network (CNN) based crowd counting (i.e. PGCNet), which aims to overcome the dramatic intra-scene scale variations of people due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Zhaoyi Yan , Yuchen Yuan , Wangmeng Zuo , Xiao Tan , Yezhen Wang , Shilei Wen , Errui Ding

In crowd counting datasets, people appear at different scales, depending on their distance from the camera. To address this issue, we propose a novel multi-branch scale-aware attention network that exploits the hierarchical structure of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Rahul Rama Varior , Bing Shuai , Joseph Tighe , Davide Modolo

Learning to reliably perceive and understand the scene is an integral enabler for robots to operate in the real-world. This problem is inherently challenging due to the multitude of object types as well as appearance changes caused by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Abhinav Valada , Rohit Mohan , Wolfram Burgard

Multi-scale context module and single-stage encoder-decoder structure are commonly employed for semantic segmentation. The multi-scale context module refers to the operations to aggregate feature responses from a large spatial extent, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Bowen Cheng , Liang-Chieh Chen , Yunchao Wei , Yukun Zhu , Zilong Huang , Jinjun Xiong , Thomas Huang , Wen-Mei Hwu , Honghui Shi

Because of the powerful learning capability of deep neural networks, counting performance via density map estimation has improved significantly during the past several years. However, it is still very challenging due to severe occlusion,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Di Kang , Antoni Chan

Background noise and scale variation are common problems that have been long recognized in crowd counting. Humans glance at a crowd image and instantly know the approximate number of human and where they are through attention the crowd…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Yuehai Chen , Jing Yang , Dong Zhang , Kun Zhang , Badong Chen , Shaoyi Du

Crowd counting is a task of estimating the number of the crowd through images, which is extremely valuable in the fields of intelligent security, urban planning, public safety management, and so on. However, the existing counting methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Zhiyuan Zhao , Yubin Wen , Siyu Yang , Lichen Ning , Yuandong Liu , Junyu Gao

This paper proposes a space-time multi-scale attention network (STANet) to solve density map estimation, localization and tracking in dense crowds of video clips captured by drones with arbitrary crowd density, perspective, and flight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Longyin Wen , Dawei Du , Pengfei Zhu , Qinghua Hu , Qilong Wang , Liefeng Bo , Siwei Lyu

Current crowd-counting models often rely on single-modal inputs, such as visual images or wireless signal data, which can result in significant information loss and suboptimal recognition performance. To address these shortcomings, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zhe Cui , Yuli Li , Le-Nam Tran

Crowd counting in single-view images has achieved outstanding performance on existing counting datasets. However, single-view counting is not applicable to large and wide scenes (e.g., public parks, long subway platforms, or event spaces)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Qi Zhang , Antoni B. Chan

Crowd counting is the task of estimating people numbers in crowd images. Modern crowd counting methods employ deep neural networks to estimate crowd counts via crowd density regressions. A major challenge of this task lies in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Miaojing Shi , Zhaohui Yang , Chao Xu , Qijun Chen

Gatherings of thousands to millions of people frequently occur for an enormous variety of events, and automated counting of these high-density crowds is useful for safety, management, and measuring significance of an event. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Greg Olmschenk , Hao Tang , Zhigang Zhu

Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the leading defacto method for crowd counting. However, when dealing with video datasets, CNN-based methods still process each video frame independently, thus ignoring the powerful temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Zhikang Zou , Huiliang Shao , Xiaoye Qu , Wei Wei , Pan Zhou

Deep learning-based crowd counting methods have achieved remarkable progress in recent years. However, in complex crowd scenarios, existing models still face challenges when adapting to significant density distribution differences between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yihong Wu , Jinqiao Wei , Xionghui Zhao , Yidi Li , Shaoyi Du , Bin Ren , Nicu Sebe

Traditional crowd counting networks suffer from information loss when feature maps are downsized through pooling layers, leading to inaccuracies in counting crowds at a distance. Existing methods often assume correct annotations during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yi-Kuan Hsieh , Jun-Wei Hsieh , Yu-Chee Tseng , Ming-Ching Chang , Li Xin

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have revolutionized image classification by extracting spatial features and enabling state-of-the-art accuracy in vision-based tasks. The squeeze and excitation network proposed module gathers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Mahendran Narayanan

As the electromagnetic environment becomes increasingly complex, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) face growing threats from sophisticated jamming interference. Although Deep Learning (DL) effectively identifies basic interference,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhihan Zeng , Yang Zhao , Kaihe Wang , Dusit Niyato , Hongyuan Shu , Junchu Zhao , Yanjun Huang , Yue Xiu , Zhongpei Zhang , Ning Wei

Perspective distortions and crowd variations make crowd counting a challenging task in computer vision. To tackle it, many previous works have used multi-scale architecture in deep neural networks (DNNs). Multi-scale branches can be either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Zhipeng Du , Miaojing Shi , Jiankang Deng , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Crowd counting in still images is a challenging problem in practice due to huge crowd-density variations, large perspective changes, severe occlusion, and variable lighting conditions. The state-of-the-art patch rescaling module (PRM) based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Usman Sajid , Wenchi Ma , Guanghui Wang

Density map estimation enables accurate object counting in heavily occluded, and densely packed scenes where detection-based counting fails. In multi-class density estimation, class awareness can be introduced by modelling classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Villanelle O'Reilly , Jonathan Cox , Georgios Leontidis , Marc Hanheide , Petra Bosilj , James M. Brown