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Understanding the internal representations of deep neural networks (DNNs) is crucal to explain their behavior. The interpretation of individual units, which are neurons in MLPs or convolution kernels in convolutional networks, has been paid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Li Chen , Hailun Ding , Qi Li , Zhuo Li , Jian Peng , Haifeng Li

Understanding the internal representations of deep neural networks (DNNs) is crucal to explain their behavior. The interpretation of individual units, which are neurons in MLPs or convolution kernels in convolutional networks, has been paid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Li Chen , Hailun Ding , Qi Li , Zhuo Li , Jian Peng , Haifeng Li

Residual networks (Resnets) have become a prominent architecture in deep learning. However, a comprehensive understanding of Resnets is still a topic of ongoing research. A recent view argues that Resnets perform iterative refinement of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Stanisław Jastrzębski , Devansh Arpit , Nicolas Ballas , Vikas Verma , Tong Che , Yoshua Bengio

RNN models have achieved the state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of text mining tasks. However, these models are often regarded as black-boxes and are criticized due to the lack of interpretability. In this paper, we enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Shuiwang Ji , Xia Hu

Neural networks leverage robust internal representations in order to generalise. Learning them is difficult, and often requires a large training set that covers the data distribution densely. We study a common setting where our task is not…

During the last years, there has been a lot of interest in achieving some kind of complex reasoning using deep neural networks. To do that, models like Memory Networks (MemNNs) have combined external memory storages and attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Juan Pavez , Héctor Allende , Héctor Allende-Cid

Background & Objectives: In the last decade, Machine learning research has grown rapidly, but large models are reaching their soft limits demonstrating diminishing returns and still lack solid reasoning abilities. These limits could be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ioannis Konstantoulas , Dimosthenis Tsimas , Pavlos Peppas , Kyriakos Sgarbas

Neural networks have greatly boosted performance in computer vision by learning powerful representations of input data. The drawback of end-to-end training for maximal overall performance are black-box models whose hidden representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Patrick Esser , Robin Rombach , Björn Ommer

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have shown the ability to improve scene parsing through capturing long-range dependencies among image units. In this paper, we propose dense RNNs for scene labeling by exploring various long-range semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Heng Fan , Peng Chu , Longin Jan Latecki , Haibin Ling

Although neural machine translation with the encoder-decoder framework has achieved great success recently, it still suffers drawbacks of forgetting distant information, which is an inherent disadvantage of recurrent neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Wen Zhang , Jiawei Hu , Yang Feng , Qun Liu

Even though sequence-to-sequence neural machine translation (NMT) model have achieved state-of-art performance in the recent fewer years, but it is widely concerned that the recurrent neural network (RNN) units are very hard to capture the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Wen Zhang , Jiawei Hu , Yang Feng , Qun Liu

Designing models that can learn to reason in a systematic way is an important and long-standing challenge. In recent years, a wide range of solutions have been proposed for the specific case of systematic relational reasoning, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anirban Das , Irtaza Khalid , Rafael Peñaloza , Steven Schockaert

Most efforts in interpretability in deep learning have focused on (1) extracting explanations of a specific downstream task in relation to the input features and (2) imposing constraints on the model, often at the expense of predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Marco Bertolini , Djork-Arné Clevert , Floriane Montanari

Permutation invariant neural networks are a promising tool for making predictions from sets. However, we show that existing permutation invariant architectures, Deep Sets and Set Transformer, can suffer from vanishing or exploding gradients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Lily H. Zhang , Veronica Tozzo , John M. Higgins , Rajesh Ranganath

Deep neural networks typically treat nonlinearities as fixed primitives (e.g., ReLU), limiting both interpretability and the granularity of control over the induced function class. While recent additive models (like KANs) attempt to address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jusheng Zhang , Ningyuan Liu , Qinhan Lyu , Jing Yang , Keze Wang

As a long-standing problem in computer vision, face detection has attracted much attention in recent decades for its practical applications. With the availability of face detection benchmark WIDER FACE dataset, much of the progresses have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Shifeng Zhang , Rui Zhu , Xiaobo Wang , Hailin Shi , Tianyu Fu , Shuo Wang , Tao Mei , Stan Z. Li

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods that incorporate deep neural networks (DNN), though powerful, often lack transparency. Their black-box characteristic hinders interpretability and reduces trustworthiness, particularly in critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Konrad Nowosadko , Franco Ruggeri , Ahmad Terra

Because of the pervasive use of deep neural networks (DNNs), especially in high-stakes domains, the interpretability of DNNs has received increased attention. The general idea of rationale extraction (RE) is to provide an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Dai , Randy Goebel

Transformers flexibly operate over sets of real-valued vectors representing task-specific entities and their attributes, where each vector might encode one word-piece token and its position in a sequence, or some piece of information that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Cameron Diao , Ricky Loynd

Stochastic recurrent neural networks with latent random variables of complex dependency structures have shown to be more successful in modeling sequential data than deterministic deep models. However, the majority of existing methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Ehsan Hajiramezanali , Arman Hasanzadeh , Nick Duffield , Krishna Narayanan , Mingyuan Zhou , Xiaoning Qian