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Star formation activity in molecular clouds is often found to be correlated with the amount of material above a column density threshold of $\sim 10^{22} \, {\rm cm^{-2}}$. Attempts to connect this column density threshold to a ${\it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-11 F. D. Priestley , P. C. Clark , S. C. O. Glover , S. E. Ragan , O. Fehér , L. R. Prole , R. S. Klessen

We combine IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer and Herschel PACS and SPIRE measurements to study the dust and gas contents of high-redshift star forming galaxies. We present new observations for a sample of 17 lensed galaxies at z=1.4-3.1,…

One of the greatest challenges to theoretical models of massive galaxy formation is the regulation of star formation at early times. The relative roles of molecular gas expulsion, depletion, and stabilization are uncertain as direct…

Dense environments have an impact on the star formation rate of galaxies. As stars form from molecular gas, looking at the cold molecular gas content of a galaxy gives useful insights on its efficiency in forming stars. However, most…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-04-07 Damien Spérone-Longin

We present a sub-grid model for star formation in galaxy simulations, incorporating molecular hydrogen ($\mathrm{H}_2$) production via dust grain condensation and its destruction through star formation and photodissociation. Implemented…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-02 E. Lozano , C. Scannapieco , S. E. Nuza , Y. Ascasibar , V. Springel

High-redshift star-forming galaxies have very different morphologies compared to nearby ones. Indeed, they are often dominated by bright star-forming structures of masses up to $10^{8-9}$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ dubbed {\guillemotleft}giant…

Molecular clouds (MCs) are the birthplaces of new stars in galaxies. A key component of MCs are photodissociation regions (PDRs), where far-ultraviolet radiation plays a crucial role in determining the gas's physical and chemical state.…

We study the formation of molecular hydrogen on dust grain surfaces and apply our results to the high redshift universe. We find that a range of physical parameters, in particular dust temperature and gas temperature, but not so much dust…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 S. Cazaux , M. Spaans

Both numerical hydrodynamic and semi-analytic cosmological models of galaxy formation struggle to match observed star formation histories of galaxies in low mass halos (M$_{\rm{H}} \lesssim 10^{11} M_\odot$), predicting more star formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Catherine E. White , Rachel S. Somerville , Henry C. Ferguson

We use hydrodynamic simulations to examine how the baryonic components of galaxies are assembled, focusing on the relative importance of mergers and smooth accretion in the formation of ~L_* systems. In our primary simulation, which models…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Chigurupati Murali , Neal Katz , Lars Hernquist , David H. Weinberg , Romeel Dave

Detailed observations of the nearest star-forming regions in the Milky Way (MW) provide the ultimate benchmark for studying star formation. The extent to which the results of these Galaxy-based studies can be extrapolated to extragalactic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 J. M. Diederik Kruijssen , Steven N. Longmore

We study the properties of galaxies at z=2 in a Lambda cold dark matter universe, using two different types of hydrodynamic simulation methods -- Eulerian TVD and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) -- and a spectrophotometric analysis in…

The characterisation of the atomic and molecular hydrogen content of high-redshift galaxies is a major observational challenge that will be addressed over the coming years with a new generation of radio telescopes. We investigate this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-13 Alan R. Duffy , Scott T. Kay , Richard A. Battye , C. M. Booth , Claudio Dalla Vecchia , Joop Schaye

The mass assembly and star formation histories of massive galaxies identified at low redshift z in different cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, have been studied through a detailed follow-up backwards in time of their constituent mass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-13 R. Domínguez-Tenreiro , J. Oñorbe , F. Martínez-Serrano , A. Serna

Robust knowledge of molecular gas mass is critical for understanding star formation in galaxies. The H$_{2}$ molecule does not emit efficiently in the cold interstellar medium, hence the molecular gas content of galaxies is typically…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-12 Aditya Togi , J. D. T. Smith

We investigate the physical properties of molecular hydrogen (H2) in isolated and interacting disk galaxies with different masses and Hubble types by using chemodynamical simulations with H2 formation on dust grains and dust growth and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-08 Kenji Bekki

Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) formation and dissociation are key processes that drive the gas lifecycle in galaxies. Using the SImulating the LifeCycle of Molecular Clouds (SILCC) zoom-in simulation suite, we explore the utility of future…

While the CO(1-0) transition is often used to deduce the total molecular hydrogen in galaxies, it is challenging to detect in low metallicity galaxies, in spite of the star formation taking place. In contrast, the [CII] 158 micron line is…

Stars form in cold molecular clouds. However, molecular gas is difficult to observe because the most abundant molecule (H2) lacks a permanent dipole moment. Rotational transitions of CO are often used as a tracer of H2, but CO is much less…

Cosmological N-body hydrodynamic computations following atomic and molecular chemistry (e$^-$, H, H$^+$, H$^-$, He, He$^+$, He$^{++}$, D, D$^+$, H$_2$, H$_2^+$, HD, HeH$^+$), gas cooling, star formation and production of heavy elements (C,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-30 Umberto Maio , Edoardo Tescari